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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
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        <title>Old Question Papers/Model Papers HSSC-II (FSc-II): FBISE</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part2-ptb/fbise-papers?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Old Question Papers/Model Papers HSSC-II (FSc-II): FBISE

Old (past) question papers and model papers of mathematics (math) for HSSC-II (FSc Part 2) conducted by Federal Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education (FBISE), Islamabad.

Paper Pattern</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
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        <title>Papers (Old/Past/Model): FBISE - FSc-II</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part2-ptb/fbise-papers/view?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Papers (Old/Past/Model): FBISE - FSc-II

Old (or Past) Papers or Model Papers help the students and teachers to get an idea about the paper pattern and distribution of syllabus. This page is created to view or download the old or model papers. Please remember, only old papers or model papers of Mathematics FSc Part 2 (HSSC-II) conducted by Federal Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education (FBISE) are given on this page. List of papers is given below.</description>
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        <title>MATH 102: Calculus II</title>
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        <description>MATH 102: Calculus II

Course outline

	*  Techniques of integration
	*  Further applications of integration
	*  Parametric equations and polar coordinates
	*  Conic sections
	*  Sequence and series
	*  Power series representation of functions

Assignments
&lt;div&gt;
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        <title>Exercise 2.6 (Solutions)</title>
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        <description>Exercise 2.6 (Solutions)

Question 1

Identify the following statements as true or false.
(i) $\sqrt{-3}\cdot\sqrt{-3} = 3$

(ii) $i^{73}=-i$

(iii) $i^{10} = -1$

(iv) Complex conjugate of  $(-6i + i^2) is (-1 + 6i)$

(v) Difference of complex numbers $z = a + ib$ and its conjugate is a real number.

(vi) If $(a-1)-(b+3)i = 5+8i$, then a = 6 &amp; b = -11

(vii) Product of complex number and its conjugate is always a non-negative real number.$a+ib$$(2+3i)+(7-2i)$$2(5+4i)+3(7-4i)$$-(-3+5i)-3(4+9i)$$…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:02+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>University of Gujrat, Gujrat, BSc Old Papers (Mathematics Only)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/papers/old_papers_for_bsc_mathematics/university_of_gujrat?rev=1737476042&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>University of Gujrat, Gujrat, BSc Old Papers (Mathematics Only)

Old/previous papers of Mathematics A-Course and B-Course (Double Math) of BSc for University of Gujrat (UoG), Gujrat. Each subject have four papers. We are very thankful to Mr. Ali Sahi for his contribution.</description>
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        <title>Syllabus for UoS (Private only)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/msc/syllabus/uos?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Syllabus for UoS (Private only)


&lt;img src=http://www.mathcity.org/images/UoS_Gate.jpg class=mediacenter /&gt;
Syllabus and scheme of studies for private students doing MSc Mathematics from University of Sargodha, Sargodha.
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The syllabus has been changed and few optional subjects has been dropped. Please be alert</description>
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&lt;callout type=“tip” icon=“true”&gt;

	*  To open or print a DjVu file, you must have some DjVu file viewer, e.g. WinDjVu. It can be downloaded from  here 
	*  From 1st Annual 2013, the paper pattern has been changed. Check the complete syllabus &lt;div&gt;
&lt;center&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;
&lt;/center&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;
&lt;center&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;
&lt;/center&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;
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&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;
&lt;/center&gt;
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…</description>
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        <title>Chapter 07: Plane Curves II</title>
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        <description>Chapter 07: Plane Curves II

Notes of the book Calculus with Analytic Geometry written by Dr. S. M. Yusuf and Prof. Muhammad Amin, published by Ilmi Kitab Khana, Lahore - PAKISTAN. 
[Asymptote]

Contents and summary

	*  Asymptotes: A straight line $l$ is called an asymptote for a curve $C$$l$$C$$l$$l$</description>
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        <description>Chapter 07: Viewer

Notes of “Chapter 07: Plane Curve II” of Calculus with Analytic Geometry written by Dr. S. M. Yusuf and Prof. Muhammad Amin, published by Ilmi Kitab Khana, Lahore - PAKISTAN. You can also download a PDF file of respective exercise from this page.</description>
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        <title>Question 1 Exercise 5.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit05/ex5-2-p1?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1 Exercise 5.2

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 5.2 of Unit 05: Mascellaneous series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 1(i)
$n$$1.2+2.2^2+3.2^3+4.2^4+\ldots$\begin{align}
&amp; S_n=1.2+2.2^2+3 \cdot 2^3+4 \cdot 2^4+\ldots +n \cdot 2^n....(i) \\
&amp; 2 S_n=1.2^2+2.2^3+3.2^4+4.2^5+\ldots +n \cdot 2^n....(ii)\end{align}\begin{align} (1-2) S_n&amp;=1 \cdot 2+(2-1) 2^2+(3-2) 2^2+(4-…</description>
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        <title>Question 10, Exercise 1.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p10?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 10, Exercise 1.2

Solutions of Question 10 of Exercise 1.2 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. 

Question 10(i)
$z_{1}=-3+2 i$$$\left|z_{1}\right|=\left|-z_{1}\right|=\left|\overline{z_{!}}\right|=\left|-\overline{z_{!}}\right|.$$\begin{align}
|z_1| &amp;= \sqrt{(-3)^2 + (2)^2} \\ 
&amp;= \sqrt{9 + 4} = \sqrt{13} \,\, -- (1)
\end{align}\begin{align}
-z_…</description>
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        <title>Exercise 2.1 (Solutions)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/matric/9th_science/unit_02/exercise_2.1?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Exercise 2.1 (Solutions)

Question 1

Identify which of the following are rational and irrational numbers:

(i) $\sqrt{3}$	(ii) $\frac{1}{6}$	(iii) $\pi$	(iv) $\frac{15}{2}$	(v) $7.25$	(vi)$\sqrt{29}$

Solution


	*  Rational: $\frac{1}{6}$, $\frac{15}{2}$, $7.25$
	*  Irrational: $\sqrt{3}$, $\pi$, $\sqrt{29}$

Question 2

Convert the following fraction into decimal fraction.$\frac{17}{25}$$\frac{19}{4}$$\frac{57}{8}$$\frac{205}{18}$$\frac{5}{8}$$\frac{25}{38}$$\frac{2}{3}$$\pi$$\frac{1}{9}$$\fr…</description>
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        <title>Syllabus for PU</title>
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        <description>Syllabus for PU

&lt;img src=http://www.mathcity.org/images/logopu.gif alt=&quot;University of the Punjab Logo&quot; class=mediaright /&gt;

Syllabus and scheme of studies for Regular/Private students doing MSc Mathematics from University of the Punjab, Lahore. 

2 years M.Sc Mathematics programme consists of two parts namely Part-I and Part II. The regulation, Syllabi and Courses of Reading for the M.Sc. (Mathematics) Part-I and Part-II (Regular Scheme) are given below.</description>
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        <title>Algebra II by Syed Sheraz Asghar</title>
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        <description>Algebra II by Syed Sheraz Asghar

[Algebra II by Syed Sheraz Asghar]
These notes are provided and composed by Mr. Muzammil Tanveer. We are really very thankful to him for providing these notes and appreciates his effort to publish these notes on MathCity.org

	*  Name: Algebra II
	*  Provider: Mr. Muzammil Tanveer</description>
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        <description>Syllabus &amp; Paper Pattern for General Mathematics (Split Program)

There was one examination after two years for BA/BSc Program from University of Punjab (PU), Lahore but from this year (2016), PU has made changes in its examination policies for the said program. The BA/BSc Program has been split into two parts. Syllabus is break into two part year wise. After the each year of the program candidate has to appeared in examination instead of appearing after two year. In this regards syllabus of Gen…</description>
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        <title>Exercise 6.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/matric/9th_science/ex-6-1?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Exercise 6.1

On the following page we have given the solution of Exercise 6.1 of Mathematics 9 (Science) published by Caravan Book House, Lahore.
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&lt;/WRAP&gt;$39x^7y^3z$$91x^5y^6 z^7$$102xy^2z$$85x^2yz$$187xyz^2$$39x^7y^3z=13\times 3\times x^7 y^3 z$$91x^5y^6 z^7=13\times 7\times x^5 y^6 z^7$$13 x^5y^3z$$102xy^2z=2\times 3\times 17 xy^2z$$85x^2yz=3\tim…</description>
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        <title>Exercise 2.8 (Solutions)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-ptb/sol/ch02/ex2-8?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Exercise 2.8 (Solutions)

&lt;lead&gt;Notes (Solutions) of Exercise 2.8: Textbook of Algebra and Trigonometry Class XI (Mathematics FSc Part 1 or HSSC-I), Punjab Textbook Board (PTB) Lahore.&lt;/lead&gt; 
The main topic of this exercise are binary operation, semi-group, monoid, groups and abelian groups. These notes are based on the new Student Learning Outcomes (SLOs). Version: 4.1, Available at MathCity.org $\oplus$$G=\{0,1\}$\[
\begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline
  \oplus &amp; 0 &amp; 1 \\ 
\hline
   0 &amp; 1 &amp; 1 \\
\hl…</description>
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        <title>Mathematical Statistics II by Sir Haidar Ali</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/notes/mathematical-statistics-ii-muzammil-tanveer?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Mathematical Statistics II by Sir Haidar Ali

[Mathematical Statistics II]

A subfield of mathematics called mathematical statistics is concerned with using mathematical techniques to solve statistical problems. It involves using mathematical analysis and probability theory to the study of statistical issues like estimate, hypothesis testing, and confidence intervals. Financial, engineering, and scientific fields all benefit from the use of mathematical statistics, which is a significant area of…</description>
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        <title>Question 1, Exercise 1.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-3-p1?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Exercise 1.3

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 1.3 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 1(i)
\begin{align}&amp;z-4w=3i\\ 
&amp;2z+3w=11-5i\end{align}\begin{align}z-4w&amp;=3i		…(i)\\
2z+3w&amp;=11-5i	…(ii)\end{align}$2$\begin{align}2z-8w&amp;=6i		…(iii)\end{align}\[\begin{array}{cccc}
2z&amp;-8w&amp;=6i  \\  
\mathop+\limits_{-}2z&amp;\mathop+\limits_{-}3w&amp;=\mathop-\limit…</description>
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        <title>Question 1, Exercise 1.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-3-p1?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Exercise 1.3

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 1.3 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 1(i)
\begin{align}&amp;z-4w=3i\\ 
&amp;2z+3w=11-5i\end{align}\begin{align}z-4w&amp;=3i		…(i)\\
2z+3w&amp;=11-5i	…(ii)\end{align}$2$\begin{align}2z-8w&amp;=6i		…(iii)\end{align}\[\begin{array}{cccc}
2z&amp;-8w&amp;=6i  \\  
\mathop+\limits_{-}2z&amp;\mathop+\limits_{-}3w&amp;=\mathop-\limit…</description>
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        <title>Fluid Mechanics II by Dr Rao Muzamal Hussain</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/notes/fluid-mechanics-ii-muzammil-tanveer?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Fluid Mechanics II by Dr Rao Muzamal Hussain

[Fluid Mechanics I by Muzammil Tanveer]
These notes are provided and composed by Mr. Muzammil Tanveer. We are really very thankful to him for providing these notes and appreciates his effort to publish these notes on MathCity.org. These notes are based on  lectures delivered by Mr. Muzammil Hussain at GC University Faisalabad.</description>
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        <title>Numerical Analysis II</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/notes/numerical-analysis-ii?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Numerical Analysis II

[Numerical Analysis by Muzammil Tanveer]
These notes are provided and composed by Mr. Muzammil Tanveer. We are really very thankful to him for providing these notes and appreciates his effort to publish these notes on MathCity.org.
 Name    Numerical Analysis II    Compiled by  Muzammil Tanveer</description>
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        <title>Exercise 4.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/matric/9th_science/ex-4-1?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Exercise 4.1

On the following page we have given the solution of Exercise 4.1 of Mathematics 9 (Science) published by Caravan Book House, Lahore.
&lt;WRAP center round info 60%&gt;
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&lt;/WRAP&gt;$3x^2+\frac{1}{x}-5$$3x^3-4x^2-x\sqrt{x}+3$$x^2-3x+\sqrt{2}$$\frac{3x}{2x-1}+8$$3x^2+\frac{1}{x}-5$$No (Reason:\frac{1}{x})$$3x^3-4x^2-x\sqrt{x}+3$$No (Reasons  \sqrt{x})$$x^2-3x+\sqrt{2}$$Yes$$\f…</description>
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        <title>Syllabus &amp; Paper Pattern for A and B Course of Mathematics</title>
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        <description>Syllabus &amp; Paper Pattern for A and B Course of Mathematics

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&lt;/WRAP&gt;</description>
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        <title>Exercise 2.2 (Solutions)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/matric/9th_science/unit_02/exercise_2.2?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Exercise 2.2 (Solutions)

Question 1

Identify the property used in the following,

	*  (i) $a + b = b + a$ ... .....
	*  (ii) $(ab)c = a(bc)$ ... ... ...
	*  (iii) $7 \times 1 = 7$ ... ... ...
	*  (iv) $x &gt; y$ or $x = y$ or $x&lt; y$ ... ... ...	
	*  (v) $ab = ba$ ... ... ...
	*  (vi) $a + c = b + c \Rightarrow a = b$ ... ... ...
	*  (vii) $5 + (-5) = 0$ ... ... ...
	*  (viii) $7 \times \frac{1}{7} = 1$$a &gt; b \Rightarrow ac &gt; bc? (c &gt;0)$$a + b = b + a$$(ab)c = a(bc)$$7 \times 1 = 7$$x &gt; y$$x = y$$…</description>
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        <title>Exercise 2.3 (Solutions)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/matric/9th_science/unit_02/exercise_2.3?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Exercise 2.3 (Solutions)

Question 1

Write each radical expression in exponential notation and each exponential expression in radical notation, Do not simplify.


	* (i) $\sqrt[3]{-64}$	                            *(ii) $2^{35}$
           
				*  (iii) $-7^\frac{1}{3}$                           * (iv) $y^\frac{-2}{3}$$\sqrt[3]{-64} = -64^\frac{1}{3}$$2^\frac{3}{5} = \sqrt[5]{2}^{3}$$-7^\frac{1}{3} = -\sqrt[3]{7}$$y^\frac{-2}{3} = \sqrt[3]{y}^{-2}$$ 5^\frac{1}{5} = \sqrt{5}$$2^\frac{2}{3} = \sq…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Exercise 2.5 (Solutions)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/matric/9th_science/unit_02/exercise_2.5?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Exercise 2.5 (Solutions)

Question 1

	*  Evaluate

           (i) $i^7$			                                  (ii) $i^{50}$
           (iii) $i^{12}$                                                 (iv) $\left(-i\right)^8$
           (v) $\left(-i\right)^5$	                                  (vi)  $i^{27}$

Solution

$$\begin{array}{cl}
i^7 &amp;= {i^6}\cdot i\\
   &amp;= (i^2)^3\cdot i\\
   &amp;= {-1}^3 \cdot i\\
   &amp;= -i
\end{array}$$$$\begin{array}{cl}
i^{50} &amp;= (i^2 )^{25}\\
       &amp;= {-1}^{25}\\
       …</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>General Mathematics (Paper A &amp; B)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/bsc/paper_pattern/sargodha_university/general_mathematics?rev=1737476035&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>General Mathematics (Paper A &amp; B)

This subject is consists of two papers of 100 marks each. One is called “Paper A” and other is called “Paper B”. This syllabus is for 1st Annual 2015 and onward organized by University of Sargodha (UoS), Sargodha.</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Exercise 1.1 (Solutions)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-ptb/sol/ch01/ex1-1?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Exercise 1.1 (Solutions)

&lt;lead&gt;Notes (Solutions) of Exercise 1.1: Textbook of Algebra and Trigonometry Class XI (Mathematics FSc Part 1 or HSSC-I), Punjab Textbook Board (PTB) Lahore.&lt;/lead&gt; 
The main topics of this exercise are properties of real numbers, binary operation, addition and multiplication law, properties of equality, properties of inequality (order properties), field, rule of fractions. These notes are based on the new Student Learning Outcomes (SLOs). Version: 4.0, Available at Ma…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Exercise 1.2 (Solutions)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-ptb/sol/ch01/ex1-2?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Exercise 1.2 (Solutions)

&lt;lead&gt;Notes (Solutions) of Exercise 1.2: Textbook of Algebra and Trigonometry Class XI (Mathematics FSc Part 1 or HSSC-I), Punjab Textbook Board (PTB) Lahore.&lt;/lead&gt; 
The main topics of this exercise are complex numbers, real part and imaginary part of complex numbers, properties of the fundamental operation on complex numbers, complex number as ordered pair of real numbers and special subset of complex numbers. These notes are based on the new Student Learning Outcomes…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Exercise 2.6</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-6-p1?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Exercise 2.6

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 2.6 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $ 2 x_{1}-3 x_{2}+4 x_{3}=0$$x_{1}-2 x_{2}+3 x_{3}=0$$4 x_{1}+x_{2}-6 x_{3}=0$\begin{align*}
&amp;2 x_{1}-3 x_{2}+4 x_{3}=0\cdots (i)\\
&amp;x_{1}-2 x_{2}+3 x_{3}=0\cdots (ii)\\
&amp;4 x_{1}+x_{2}-6 x_{3}=0\cdots (iii)\\
\end{align*}\begin{align*}
A &amp;= \le…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2, Exercise 2.6</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-6-p2?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2, Exercise 2.6

Solutions of Question 2 of Exercise 2.6 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\lambda$$\lambda$$2 x_{1}-\lambda x_{2}+x_{3}=0$$2 x_{1}+3 x_{2}-x_{3}=0$$3 x_{1}-2 x_{2}+4 x_{3}=0$\begin{align*}
&amp;2 x_{1}-\lambda x_{2}+x_{3}=0 \cdots(i)\\
&amp;2 x_{1}+3 x_{2}-x_{3}=0\cdots(ii)\\
&amp;3 x_{1}-2 x_{2}+4 x_{3}=0\cdots(iii)\\
\end{ali…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Notes of Mathematics</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/notes?rev=1737476042&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Notes of Mathematics

[Notes of Mathematics]
Mathematics is a language of science and is a basic need for physical or natural sciences as well as social sciences. On this page, notes on different subjects related to mathematics are listed. These notes or resources might be helpful for ADS or BS or MSc or MPhil Mathematics. These notes are send by different students or teachers. We are very thankful to them for sending us these notes. These notes are provided as it is as open educational resource…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Fall 2019)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/atiq/fa19-mth322?rev=1737476034&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Fall 2019)

This course is offered to MSc, Semester II at Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Attock campus. This course need rigorous knowledge of continuity, differentiation, integration, sequences and series of numbers. these notions included in</description>
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        <title>Definitions: FSc Part 1 (Mathematics): PTB</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-ptb/definitions?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Definitions: FSc Part 1 (Mathematics): PTB

On this page, all the definitions of “Textbook of Algebra and Trigonometry Class XI, published by Punjab Textbook Board (PTB) Lahore, Pakistan are given. We are very thankful to Muhammad Waqas Sulaiman for his valuable contribution.$\frac{p}{q}$$p,q \in \mathbb{Z}$$q\neq 0$$\frac{p}{q}$$p,q \in \mathbb{Z}$$q\neq 0$$\mathbb{R}$$0.3333....,21.134134$$\pi = 3.1415...$$\divideontimes$$z=x+iy$$x,y \in \mathbb{R}, i = \sqrt{-1}$$x$$y$$z$$2, 3+\sqrt{3}i, \fra…</description>
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        <title>Metric Spaces (Notes)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/notes/metric-spaces-notes?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Metric Spaces (Notes)

[Metric Spaces (Notes)]
These are updated version of previous notes. Many mistakes and errors have been removed. These notes are collected, composed and corrected by Atiq ur Rehman, PhD. These are actually based on the lectures delivered by Prof. Muhammad Ashfaq (Ex HoD, Department of Mathematics, Government College Sargodha). $(X,d)$$x,y\in X$$$\left| {\,d(x,\,A)\, - \,d(y,\,A)\,} \right|\,\, \le \,\,d(x,\,y).$$$A^c$$A\subset X$$x \in X$$B(x;r)$$A \subset X$$f:(X,d)\to (Y…</description>
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        <title>Amir Shehzad</title>
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        <description>Amir Shehzad

We are very thankful to Mr. Amir Shehzad for his contribution to the website.

&lt;image shape=“rounded”&gt;[Mr. Amir Shehzad]&lt;/image&gt;

	*  Email: &lt;amirshehzad569@gmail.com&gt;
	*  Cell: +92-343-4443214
	*  YouTube Chanel: &lt;https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAci3yf20CcDotwdTJOD8WQ&gt;

Contribution:

9th (Science) (PTB)

	*    Unit 04 (10th Science PTB) | VIEW</description>
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        <title>A-Course of Mathematics (Paper A &amp; B)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/bsc/paper_pattern/sargodha_university/a-course_of_mathematics?rev=1737476035&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>A-Course of Mathematics (Paper A &amp; B)

&lt;callout type=“info” icon=“true”&gt;
This subject is consists of two papers of 100 marks each. One is called “Paper A” and other is called “Paper B”. This page is updated on February 15, 2015. This syllabus is for 1st Annual 2015 and onward organized by University of Sargodha, Sargodha.
&lt;/callout&gt;</description>
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        <title>B-Course of Mathematics (Paper A &amp; B)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/bsc/paper_pattern/sargodha_university/b-course_of_mathematics?rev=1737476035&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>B-Course of Mathematics (Paper A &amp; B)

&lt;WRAP center round info 60%&gt;
This subject is consists of two papers of 100 marks each. One is called “Paper A” and other is called “Paper B”. This page is updated on February 15, 2015. This syllabus is for 1st Annual 2015 and onward organized by University of Sargodha, Sargodha.
&lt;/WRAP&gt;$(\lambda ,\mu )$</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question, Exercise 10.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-1-p4?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question, Exercise 10.1

Solutions of Question 4 of Exercise 10.1 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\sin \alpha =-\dfrac{4}{5}$$\cos \beta =-\dfrac{12}{13}$$\alpha $$\beta $$\sin \left( \alpha -\beta  \right)$$\sin \alpha=-\dfrac{4}{5}$$\alpha$$\sin \beta=-\dfrac{12}{13}$$\beta$$$\cos \alpha=\pm \sqrt{1-\sin^2\alpha}.$$$\…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 4 Exercise 4.5</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-5-p4?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 4 Exercise 4.5

Solutions of Question 4 of Exercise 4.5 of Unit 04: Sequence and Series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 4(i)
$0 . \overline{8}$$$0 . \overline{8}=0.888888 \ldots$$\begin{align}0 . \overline{8}&amp;=0.8+0.08+0.008 \div 0.0008+ \ldots\\
\text { or } 0 . \overline{8}&amp;=0.8+(0.1)(0.8) +(0.1)^2(0.8)+\ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots .(\mathrm{i})\end{align}$$a_1=0.8, \…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 4 &amp; 5 Exercise 5.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit05/ex5-2-p3?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 4 &amp; 5 Exercise 5.2

Solutions of Question 4 &amp; 5 of Exercise 5.2 of Unit 05: Miscullaneous Series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 4
$5+\dfrac{7}{3}+\dfrac{9}{3^2}+\dfrac{11}{3^3}+\ldots$\begin{align}
&amp; S_{\infty}=5+\dfrac{7}{3}+\dfrac{9}{3^2}+\dfrac{11}{3^3}+\ldots.(i) \\
&amp; \dfrac{1}{3} S_{\infty}=\dfrac{5}{3}+\dfrac{7}{3^2}+\dfrac{9}{3^2}+\dfrac{11}{3^3}+\ldots.(ii)
\e…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question, Exercise 10.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-1-p4?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question, Exercise 10.1

Solutions of Question 4 of Exercise 10.1 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\sin \alpha =-\dfrac{4}{5}$$\cos \beta =-\dfrac{12}{13}$$\alpha $$\beta $$\sin \left( \alpha -\beta  \right)$$\sin \alpha=-\dfrac{4}{5}$$\alpha$$\sin \beta=-\dfrac{12}{13}$$\beta$$$\cos \alpha=\pm \sqrt{1-\sin^2\alpha}.$$$\…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2(i, ii, iii, iv and v) Exercise 8.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/ex8-3-p4?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2(i, ii, iii, iv and v) Exercise 8.3

Solutions of Question 2(i, ii, iii, iv and v) of Exercise 8.3 of Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\sin 70^{\circ} + \sin 30^{\circ}$\begin{align*}
 &amp; \quad \sin 70^{\circ} + \sin 30^{\circ} \\
&amp; = 2 \sin \left(\frac{70+30}{2} \right) \cos \left(\frac{70-30}{2} \right) \\
&amp; = 2 \sin \left(\frac{1…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2, Review Exercise</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/re-ex-p2?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2, Review Exercise

Solutions of Question 2 of Review Exercise of Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\sin \theta=\dfrac{3}{5}, \sin \phi=\dfrac{5}{13}$$\theta$$\phi$$\sin (\theta-\phi)$$\sin \theta=\dfrac{3}{5}$$\sin \phi=\dfrac{5}{13}$$\theta$$\phi$\begin{align*}
\cos^2 \theta &amp;= 1-\sin^2\theta\\
&amp;= 1-\left(\frac{3}{5}\right)^2\\
&amp; =…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Exercise 2.4 (Solutions)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/matric/9th_science/unit_02/exercise_2.4?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Exercise 2.4 (Solutions)

Question 1

Use law of exponent to simplify.

	*  (i) $\frac{(243)^{\frac{-2}{3}}(32)^{\frac{-1}{5}}}{\sqrt(196)^{-1}}$	    
	*  (ii) $\left(2x^5y^{-4}\right)\left(-8x^{-3}y^2\right)$	           
	*  (iii) $\left(\frac{x^{-2}y^{-1}z^{-4}}{x^4y^{-3}z^0}\right)^{-3}$
	*  (iv) $\frac{\left(81\right)^n.3^5-\left(3\right)^{4n-1}\left(243\right)}{\left(9^2n\right)\left(3^3\right)}$

Solution


(i) 
$$\begin{array}{cl}
\begin{array}{cl}
\frac{(243)^{\frac{-2}{3}}(32)^{\frac{-1…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:54+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Fall 2021)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/atiq/fa21-mth322?rev=1737476034&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Fall 2021)

This course is offered to MSc, Semester II at Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Attock campus. This course need rigorous knowledge of continuity, differentiation, integration, sequences and series of numbers, that is many notion included in $\int_{1}^{\infty }{{{x}^{-p}} dx}$$p$$f\in \mathcal{R}[a,b]$$b\ge a$$f(x)\ge 0$$x\ge a$$\int_{a}^{\infty }{f(x) dx}$$M&gt;0$$\int\limits_{a}^{b}{f(x)\,dx} \le M$$b\ge a$$f\in \mathcal{R}[a,b]$$b\ge a$…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Definitions: FSc Part 2 (Mathematics): PTB</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part2-ptb/definitions?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Definitions: FSc Part 2 (Mathematics): PTB

On this page, all the definitions of “Calculus and Analytic Geometry, MATHEMATICS 12” (Mathematics FSc Part 2 or HSSC-II), Punjab Textbook Board (PTB) Lahore, Pakistan are given. We are very thankful to $A=x^2$$f:X\to Y$$X$$f:X\to Y$$y$$Y$$y=ax+b$$x$$y$$f(x)=2x-6$$p(x) = {a_n}{x^n} + {a_{n - 1}}{x^{n - 1}} + {a_{n - 2}}{x^{n - 2}} + ... + {a_1}x + {a_0}$${a_0},\,{a_1},\,{a_2},...,{a_n}$$f(x)=ax+b$$X$$I:X\to X$$X$$Y$$C:X \rightarrow Y$$C(x)=a$$x \in X$$…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>MCQs/Objective: HSSC-II</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_2_mcqs?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>MCQs/Objective: HSSC-II

On this page, MCQ/Objective for FSc-II (HSSC-II) or FSc Part 2 are given.
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;img src=http://mathcity.org/images/mcq2.jpg class=&quot;mediacenter&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;WRAP center round box 80%&gt;

	*  Short Questions by Mr. Akhtar Abbas NEW
		*  Short Questions without answers by Mr. Akhtar Abbas for FSc Part 2.


&lt;/WRAP&gt;

&lt;WRAP center round box 80%&gt;</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/notes/algebra?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:01+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Notes of Algebra</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/notes/algebra?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Notes of Algebra

All the notes of algebra are given here.
[All the notes of algebra]

&lt;well&gt;
&lt;caption&gt;
Algebra II by Syed Sheraz Asghar
&lt;/caption&gt;
A notes of Algebra-II composed by Muzammil Tanveer. We are very thankful to him for sending these notes.
&lt;/well&gt;&lt;well&gt;
&lt;caption&gt;
Elementary Linear Algebra by Muhammad Usman Hamid
&lt;/caption&gt;
Linear Algebra is the study of vectors and linear transformations. Best notes to prepare the subject written by</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:01+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Complex Analysis (Easy Notes of Complex Analysis)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/notes/complex-analysis-dr-amir-mahmood?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Complex Analysis (Easy Notes of Complex Analysis)

[Complex Analysis (Easy Notes of Complex Analysis) ]
The study of complex numbers, together with their manipulation, derivatives, and other characteristics, is known as complex integration. Contour integration is a technique for analysing specific integrals along pathways in the complex plane in the field of complex analysis mathematics. The complex analytic technique known as the calculus of residues and contour integration are closely linked.</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:00+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry

[Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry]
This is a eight unit of the book “Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI” published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. On this page we have provided the solutions of the questions.$\cos(\alpha -\beta)=\cos \alpha \cos\beta+\sin\alpha \sin\beta$$\cos(\alpha +\beta)=\cos \alpha \cos\beta-\sin\alpha \sin\beta$$\sin(\alpha \pm \beta)=\sin \alpha \cos\beta \pm \sin\alpha \co…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Review exercise</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/matric/9th_science/review_exercise?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Review exercise

On the following page we have given the solution of Review exercise of Mathematics 9 (Science) published by Caravan Book House, Lahore.
&lt;WRAP center round info 60%&gt;
We have created this page and it will be updated to add new solutions occasionally. Please stay in touch with this page.
&lt;/WRAP&gt;$x-2$$x^2+x-6$$x^2+x-6$$x+3$$x-2$$x+2$$c$$a^3+b^3$$a^2-ab+b^2$$a+b$$a^2-ab+b^2$$(a-b)^2$$a^2+b^2$$c$$x^2-5x+6$$x^2-x-6$$x-3$$x+2$$x^2-4$$x-2$$a$$a^2-b^2$$a^3-b^3$$a-b$$a+b$$a^2+ab+b^2$$a^2-a…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:01+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Chapter 03 - Limits and Continuity</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/msc/real_analysis_notes_by_syed_gul_shah/limits_and_continuity?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Chapter 03 - Limits and Continuity

	*  Limit of the function, examples and definition
	*  Theorem: Suppose (i) $(X,{d_x})$ and $(Y,{d_y})$ be two metric spaces (ii) $E\subset X$ (iii) $f:E\to Y$ i.e. f maps E into X (iv) p is the limit point of E. Then $\lim_{x\to p} f(x)=q$ iff $\lim_{n\to\infty}f(p_n)=q$ for every sequence {$p_n$} in E such that ${p_n}\ne p$$\lim_{n\to\infty}{p_n}=p$$\lim_{x\to c}f(x)$$c\in G$$\lim_{x\to c}f(x)=l$$\varepsilon$$\delta&gt;0$$|f(t)-f(s)|&lt;\varepsilon$$\left\{x:|x-c|…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Exercise 3.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-2-p1?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Exercise 3.2

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 3.2 of Unit 03: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question.1(i)
$\vec{a}=3\hat{i}-5\hat{j}$$\vec{b}=-2\hat{i}+3\hat{j}$$\vec{a}+2\vec{b}$\begin{align}\vec{a}+2\vec{b}&amp;=3\hat{i}-5\hat{j}+2(-2\hat{i}+3\hat{j})\\
&amp;=3\hat{i}-5\hat{j}-4\hat{i}+6\hat{j}\\
&amp;=-\hat{i}+\hat{j}\end{align}$\vec{a}=3\hat{i}-5\hat{…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5(i) &amp; 5(ii) Exercise 3.5</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-5-p3?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5(i) &amp; 5(ii) Exercise 3.5

Solutions of Question 5(i) &amp; 5(ii) of Exercise 3.5 of Unit 03: Vectors. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 5(i)
$\vec{a}=a_1 \hat{i}+a_2 \hat{j}+a_3 \hat{k}\quad$$\quad\vec{b}=b_1 \hat{i}+b_2 \hat{j}+b_3 \hat{k}\quad$$\vec{a} \times \vec{b}\quad$$\vec{a} \times \vec{b}$$\vec{a}$$\vec{b}$$\vec{a} \times \vec{b}$$\vec{a}$$\vec{b}$$\vec{a} \times \v…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2 &amp; 3 Exercise 4.4</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-4-p2?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2 &amp; 3 Exercise 4.4

Solutions of Question 2 &amp; 3 of Exercise 4.4 of Unit 04: Sequence and Series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 2
$27$$243$$$a_3=27 \quad\text{and}\quad a_5=243$$\begin{align}a_3&amp;=a_1 r^2=27\\
a_5&amp;=a_1 r^4=243.\end{align}\begin{align}\dfrac{a_1 r^4}{a_1 r^2}&amp;=\dfrac{243}{27}=9 \\
\Rightarrow r^2&amp;=9 \text { or } r= \pm 3 .\end{align}$$a_1(9)=27 \quad \te…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 6 &amp; 7 Exercise 4.4</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-4-p4?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 6 &amp; 7 Exercise 4.4

Solutions of Question 6 &amp; 7 of Exercise 4.4 of Unit 04: Sequence and Series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 6
$a_{10}=l, a_{13}=m$$a_{16}=n;\quad$$\ln =m^2$$a_n=a_1 r^{n-1}$\begin{align}a_{10}&amp;=a_1 r^9=l \\
a_{13}&amp;=a_1 r^{12}=m\\
\text{and} \quad a_{16}&amp;=a_1 e^{\mathbf{A 5}}=n\end{align}\begin{align}a_{10} \cdot a_{16}&amp;=\ln =(a_1 r^9)(a_1 r^{15})\\
…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5 &amp; 6 Exercise 4.5</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-5-p5?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5 &amp; 6 Exercise 4.5

Solutions of Question 5 &amp; 6 of Exercise 4.5 of Unit 04: Sequence and Series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 5
$r$$S_{10}=244 S_5$$$S_n=\dfrac{a_1(r^n-1)}{r-1}$$$$S_{10}=\dfrac{a_1(r^{10}-1)}{r-1} \quad \text{and}\quad S_5=\dfrac{a_1(r^5-1)}{r-1}$$$S_{10}$$S_S$\begin{align}\dfrac{a_1(r^{10}-1)}{r-1}&amp;=244 \dfrac{a_1(r^5-1)}{r-1} \\
\Rightarrow r^{10}-…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2 Exercise 6.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-3-p2?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2 Exercise 6.3

Solutions of Question 2 of Exercise 6.3 of Unit 06: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$n$$r$${ }^n P_r=840$${ }^n C_r=35$\begin{align}
&amp;^n P_r=\dfrac{n !}{(n-r) !}=840 ....(i)\\
&amp;^n C_r=\dfrac{n !}{(n-r) ! r !}=35....(ii)\end{align}\begin{align}\dfrac{n !}{(n-r) !} \cdot \dfrac{(n-r) ! r !}{n !}&amp;=\dfrac{840}{35}\\
r!&amp;=24\\
\te…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 3, Exercise 1.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p3?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 3, Exercise 1.2

Solutions of Question 3 of Exercise 1.2 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. 

Question 3(i)
$z \in \mathbb{C}$$z$$z=\bar{z}$$$z=a+ib\quad \text{where}\quad a,b\in \mathbb{R}\, ... (1)$$$z$$\overline{z}=z$$z$$z$$b=0$\begin{align}
&amp;z=a \\
\implies &amp;\bar{z}=a \end{align}$z=\bar{z}$$\overline{z}=z$$z$\begin{align}&amp; z=\bar{z}\\
\Righ…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 3, Exercise 2.6</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-6-p3?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 3, Exercise 2.6

Solutions of Question 3 of Exercise 2.6 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $2 x+3 y+4 z=2$$2 x+y+z=5$$3 x-2 y+z=-3$\begin{align*}
\begin{aligned}
2x + 3y + 4z &amp;= 2 \\
2x + y + z &amp;= 5 \\
3x - 2y + z &amp;= -3
\end{aligned}\end{align*}\begin{align*}
A_{b} &amp;=\quad \left[\begin{array}{cccc}
2 &amp; 3 &amp; 4 &amp; 2 \\
2 &amp; 1 &amp; 1 &amp; 5 \\
3…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 7, Exercise 8.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/ex8-1-p6?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 7, Exercise 8.1

Solutions of Question 7 of Exercise 8.1 of Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\alpha$$\beta$$\sin \alpha=\dfrac{12}{13}$$\tan \beta=\dfrac{4}{3}$$\sin(\alpha+\beta)$$\cos(\alpha+\beta)$$\tan(\alpha+\beta)$$\sin \alpha=\dfrac{12}{13}$$\alpha$$\tan \beta=\dfrac{4}{3}$$\beta$$$\cos \alpha=\pm \sqrt{1-\sin^2\alpha}.$$\(\a…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:00+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 8(i, ii &amp; iii) Exercise 8.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/ex8-2-p6?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 8(i, ii &amp; iii) Exercise 8.2

Solutions of Question 8(i, ii &amp; iii) of Exercise 8.2 of Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $(\sin \theta+\cos \theta)^{2}=1+\sin 2 \theta$\begin{align*}
LHS &amp; = (\sin \theta+\cos \theta)^{2} \\
&amp;=\sin^2\theta + \cos^2\theta +2\sin \theta \cos\theta\\
&amp;= 1+2\sin \theta \cos\theta \quad (\because \sin^2\theta…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:00+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1(i, ii, iii &amp; iv)  Exercise 8.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/ex8-3-p1?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1(i, ii, iii &amp; iv)  Exercise 8.3

Solutions of Question 1(i, ii, iii &amp; iv) of Exercise 8.3 of Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $$4 \sin 16x \cos 10x $$\begin{align*}
&amp;4 \sin 16x \cos 10x \\
&amp; = 2 (2\sin 16x \cos 10x) \\
&amp;= 2[\sin(16x+10x)+\sin(16x-10x)]\\
&amp;= 2[\sin (26x)+\sin(6x)]
\end{align*}$10 \cos 10y \cos 6y$\begin{align*}
&amp;10 \…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:00+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 3(i, ii, iii, iv &amp; v) Exercise 8.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/ex8-3-p5?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 3(i, ii, iii, iv &amp; v) Exercise 8.3

Solutions of Question 3(i, ii, iii, iv &amp; v) of Exercise 8.3 of Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\dfrac{\cos (\alpha + \beta)}{\cos(\alpha - \beta)}=\dfrac{1- \tan \alpha \tan \beta}{1+ \tan \alpha \tan \beta}$\begin{align*}
RHS &amp; = \dfrac{1- \tan \alpha \tan \beta}{1+ \tan \alpha \tan \beta} \\
&amp; …</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:00+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2, Exercise 9.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit09/ex9-1-p2?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2, Exercise 9.1

Solutions of Question 2 of Exercise 9.1 of Unit 09: Trigonometric Functions. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $y=\dfrac{1}{4+3 \operatorname{Sin} \theta}$\begin{align*} -1 \leq \operatorname{Sin} \theta \leq 1 \end{align*}$3$\begin{align*}  -3 \leq 3 \operatorname{Sin} \theta \leq 3 \end{align*}$4$\begin{align*}
 &amp; 1 \leq 4+3 \operatorname{Sin} \theta \l…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:54+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Fall 2018)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/atiq/fa18-mth322?rev=1737476034&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Fall 2018)

This course is offered to MSc, Semester II at Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Attock campus. This course need rigorous knowledge of continuity, differentiation, integration, sequences and series of numbers, that is many notion included in</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/atiq/fa20-mth322?rev=1737476034&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:54+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Fall 2020)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/atiq/fa20-mth322?rev=1737476034&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Fall 2020)

This course is offered to MSc, Semester II at Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Attock campus. This course need rigorous knowledge of continuity, differentiation, integration, sequences and series of numbers, that is many notion included in &lt;div&gt;
&lt;center&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;container-self&quot;&gt;
  &lt;iframe class=&quot;responsive-iframe-self&quot; src=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/embed/videoseries?list=PLNZrcn6oQNnen-xIz_5DjQbkwbQnu7Xgt&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; allow=&quot;au…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/atiq/sp18-mth251?rev=1737476034&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:54+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>MTH251: Set Topology</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/atiq/sp18-mth251?rev=1737476034&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>MTH251: Set Topology

[Set Topology]
Topology is an important branch of mathematics that studies all the “qualitative” or “discrete” properties of continuous objects such as manifolds, i.e. all the properties that aren&#039;t changed by any continuous transformations except for the singular (infinitely extreme) ones.$\mathbb{R}$$T_1$$\mathbb{Z}$$A=\{1,2,3,...,20\}$$\mathbb{R}$$\mathbb{Q}$$\mathbb{R}$$A=\left\{1,\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{3},... \right\}$$A$$\mathbb{R}$$A=\mathbb{N}$$B=\{1,2,3,...,100\}$$C=…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/atiq/sp19-mth322?rev=1737476034&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:54+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Spring 2019)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/atiq/sp19-mth322?rev=1737476034&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Spring 2019)

This course is offered to MSc, Semester II at Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Attock campus. This course need rigorous knowledge of continuity, differentiation, integration, sequences and series of numbers, that is many notion included in</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/atiq/sp23-mth322?rev=1737476034&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:54+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Spring 2023)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/atiq/sp23-mth322?rev=1737476034&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Spring 2023)

[MTH322: Real Analysis II (Spring 2023)]
This course is offered to BS, Semester VI at Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Attock campus. This course need rigorous knowledge of continuity, differentiation, integration, sequences and series of numbers, that is many notions included in $f\in \mathcal{R}[a,b]$$b\ge a$$f(x)\ge 0$$x\ge a$$\int_{\,a}^{\,\infty }{f(x)\,dx}$$M&gt;0$$\int\limits_{a}^{b}{f(x)\,dx}\leq M$$b\ge a$$f(x)$$g(x)$$x&gt;a$$\li…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part2-ptb/important-questions?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Important Questions: HSSC-II</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part2-ptb/important-questions?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Important Questions: HSSC-II

These questions are taken from old papers for the book Calculus and Analytic Geometry, MATHEMATICS 12 (Mathematics FSc Part 2 or HSSC-II), Punjab Textbook Board (PTB) Lahore, Pakistan.

	*  Unit 01: Functions and Limits

	*  Unit 02: Differentiation

	*  Unit 03: Integration

	*  Unit 04: Introduction to Analytic Geometry

	*  Unit 05: Linear Inequalities and Linear Programming

	*</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/notes/real-analysis-notes-by-prof-syed-gul-shah?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:01+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Real Analysis Notes by Prof Syed Gul Shah</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/notes/real-analysis-notes-by-prof-syed-gul-shah?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Real Analysis Notes by Prof Syed Gul Shah

[Real Analysis Notes by Prof Syed Gul Shah]

Real analysis, a discipline that explores the complexities of mathematical functions, limits, and sequences, can often be a difficult topic for students. Prof. Syed Gul Shah, as a true analyst, not only excelled in the subject but also gained fame for his extraordinary qualities as a human being.$s_n&lt;u_n&lt;t_n$$n\ge n_0$$\{s_n\}$$\{t_n\}$$\{u_n\}$$\{s_n\}$$\exists$$\left| {\,{s_n}}\right|&gt;\frac{1}{2}s$$\{s_n\}$…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/people/akhtar?rev=1737476042&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:02+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Akhtar Abbas</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/people/akhtar?rev=1737476042&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Akhtar Abbas

&lt;image shape=“rounded”&gt;&lt;/image&gt;
Mr. Akhtar Abbas is Lecture in Mathematics at University of Jhang, Jhang, Punjab, Pakistan. He is a dedicated and hardworking teacher. We are very thankful to him for his great contribution to our website.</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-ptb/mcq-bank/ch01?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>MCQs: Ch 01 Number Systems</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-ptb/mcq-bank/ch01?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>MCQs: Ch 01 Number Systems

High quality MCQs of Chapter 01 Number System of Text Book of Algebra and Trigonometry Class XI (Mathematics FSc Part 1 or HSSC-I), Punjab Text Book Board, Lahore. The answers are given at the end of the page.

MCQs

	*  If $*$$A$$a, b \in A$$a+b \in A$$a-b \in A$$a \times b \in A$$a * b \in A$$z=(1,3)$$z^{-1}= $$(\displaystyle{\frac{1}{10}},\displaystyle{\frac{3}{10}})$$(-\displaystyle{\frac{1}{10}},\displaystyle{\frac{3}{10}})$$(\displaystyle{\frac{1}{10}},-\display…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_2_solutions/ch07?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Unit 07: Vectors</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_2_solutions/ch07?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Unit 07: Vectors

[Unit 07: Vectors]

Notes (Solutions) of Unit 07: Vectors, Calculus and Analytic Geometry, MATHEMATICS 12 (Mathematics FSc Part 2 or HSSC-II), Punjab Text Book Board Lahore. You can view online or download PDF. To view PDF, you must have PDF Reader installed on your system and it can be downloaded from Software section.$u\cdot v$$u\times v$$u\cdot(v\times w)$</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/matric/9th_science/ex-6-3?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:01+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Exercise 6.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/matric/9th_science/ex-6-3?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Exercise 6.3

On the following page we have given the solution of Exercise 6.3 of Mathematics 9 (Science) published by Caravan Book House, Lahore.
&lt;WRAP center round info 60%&gt;
We have created this page and it will be updated to add new solutions occasionally. Please stay in touch with this page.
&lt;/WRAP&gt;$4x^2-12xy +9y^2$$x^2-1+\frac{1}{4x^2}, (x\neq 0)$$\frac{1}{16}x^2-\frac{1}{12}xy+ \frac{1}{36}y^2$$4(a+b)^2-12(a^2-b^2)+9(a-b)^2$$\frac{4x^6-12x^3y^3+9y^6}{9x^4-24x^2y^2+16y^4},(x \neq 0)$$\left(…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:01+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Chapter 02 - Sequence and Series</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/msc/real_analysis_notes_by_syed_gul_shah/sequence_and_series?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Chapter 02 - Sequence and Series

Contents

	*  Sequence, Subsequence, Increasing Sequence, Decreasing Sequence, Monotonic Sequence, Strictly Increasing or Decreasing
		*  Bernoulli’s Inequality
		*  Bounded Sequence
		*  Convergence of the Sequence$s_n&lt;u_n&lt;t_n$$n\ge n_0$$\{s_n\}$$\{t_n\}$$\{u_n\}$$\{s_n\}$$\exists$$\left| {\,{s_n}}\right|&gt;\frac{1}{2}s$$\{s_n\}$$\{t_n\}$$\left\{a{s_n}+b{t_n}\right\}$$as+bt$$\left\{{s_n}{t_n}\right\}$$\left\{\frac{{{s_n}}}{{{t_n}}} \right\}$$\frac{s}{t}$${t_n}\ne…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/papers/old_papers_for_msc_mathematics/punjab_university?rev=1737476042&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:02+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>University of the Punjab, Lahore (Old Papers)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/papers/old_papers_for_msc_mathematics/punjab_university?rev=1737476042&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>University of the Punjab, Lahore (Old Papers)

&lt;img src=http://www.mathcity.org/images/logopu.gif alt=&quot;University of the Punjab
 Logo&quot; class=mediacenter /&gt;

Old papers for MSc (Mathematics), University of the Punjab, Lahore. Hopefully this will help students to understand the pattern. . Notes of different subject are available in MSc Notes section of this website.</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/bsc/paper_pattern/sargodha_university/applied_mathematics?rev=1737476035&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:55+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Applied Mathematics (Paper A &amp; B)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/bsc/paper_pattern/sargodha_university/applied_mathematics?rev=1737476035&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Applied Mathematics (Paper A &amp; B)

This paper consista of two papers of 100 marks each. One paper is called “Paper A” and other is called “Paper B”.

Paper A

	*  NOTE: attempt two questions from each section.

SECTION-I (4/12: 17,17,17,17)

$(\lambda ,\mu )$</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/bsc/paper_pattern/sargodha_university/applied_mathematics_chapterwise?rev=1737476035&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:55+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Applied Mathematics</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/bsc/paper_pattern/sargodha_university/applied_mathematics_chapterwise?rev=1737476035&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Applied Mathematics

Paper pattern for Applied Mathematics chapter-wise for University of Sargodha is given on this page. This pattern is extracted from syllabus, so use your own risk. Syllabus of Applied Mathematics can be seen here.

Applied Mathematics is consists of two papers of 100 marks each. One is called “Paper A” and other is called “Paper B”. In every paper there are three sections with four questions each. A student have to attempt two questions from each section.</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/bsc/paper_pattern/sargodha_university/general_mathematics_chapterwise?rev=1737476035&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:55+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>General Mathematics</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/bsc/paper_pattern/sargodha_university/general_mathematics_chapterwise?rev=1737476035&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>General Mathematics

Paper pattern for General Mathematics chapter-wise for University of Sargodha is given on this page. This pattern is provided by Muhammad Siraj (+92-345-5365318). Syllabus of General Mathematics can be seen here.

General Mathematics is consists of two papers of 100 marks each. One is called “Paper A” and other is called “Paper B”. In every paper there are three sections with four questions. A student have to attempt two questions from each section.</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/bsc/paper_pattern/sargodha_university/pure_mathematics?rev=1737476035&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:55+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Pure Mathematics (Paper A &amp; B)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/bsc/paper_pattern/sargodha_university/pure_mathematics?rev=1737476035&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Pure Mathematics (Paper A &amp; B)

This paper consist of two papers of 100 marks each. One paper is called “Paper A” and the other is called “Paper B”.

Paper A

	*  NOTE: attempt two questions from each section.

SECTION-I (4/12: 17,17,17,17)</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/bsc/paper_pattern/sargodha_university/pure_mathematics_chapterwise?rev=1737476035&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:55+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Pure Mathematics</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/bsc/paper_pattern/sargodha_university/pure_mathematics_chapterwise?rev=1737476035&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Pure Mathematics

Paper pattern for Pure Mathematics chapter-wise for University of Sargodha is given on this page. This pattern is extracted from syllabus, so use your own risk. Syllabus of Pure Mathematics can be seen here.

Pure Mathematics is consists of two papers of 100 marks each. One is called “Paper A” and other is called “Paper B”. In every paper there are three sections with four questions each. A student have to attempt two questions from each section.</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p1?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Exercise 1.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p1?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Exercise 1.2

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 1.2 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 1

If ${{z}_{1}}=2+i$${{z}_{2}}=1-i$${{z}_{1}}=2+i$${{z}_{2}}=1-i$$$z_1+z_2=z_2+z_1.$$\begin{align}z_1+z_2&amp;=(2+i)+(1-i)\\ 
&amp;=3 \ldots (i) \end{align}\begin{align} 
z_2+z_1&amp;=(1-i)+(2+i)\\
&amp;=3 \ldots (ii)\end{align}$$z_1 z_2=z_2 z_1.$$\begin{align}z_1 z_2 …</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p1?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Exercise 1.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p1?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Exercise 1.2

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 1.2 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 1

If ${{z}_{1}}=2+i$${{z}_{2}}=1-i$${{z}_{1}}=2+i$${{z}_{2}}=1-i$$$z_1+z_2=z_2+z_1.$$\begin{align}z_1+z_2&amp;=(2+i)+(1-i)\\ 
&amp;=3 \ldots (i) \end{align}\begin{align} 
z_2+z_1&amp;=(1-i)+(2+i)\\
&amp;=3 \ldots (ii)\end{align}$$z_1 z_2=z_2 z_1.$$\begin{align}z_1 z_2 …</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-1-p3?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 3, Exercise 2.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-1-p3?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 3, Exercise 2.1

Solutions of Question 3 of Exercise 2.1 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 3(i)
$A=\begin{bmatrix}x &amp; y &amp; z\end{bmatrix}$$B=\begin{bmatrix}a &amp; h &amp; g\\h &amp; b &amp; f\\g &amp; f &amp; c\end{bmatrix}$$C=\begin{bmatrix}x\\y\\z\end{bmatrix}$$\left( AB \right)C=A\left( BC \right)$$A=\begin{bmatrix}x &amp; y &amp; z\end{bmatrix}$$B=\begin{bmatri…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 3 &amp; 4, Exercise 3.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-2-p3?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 3 &amp; 4, Exercise 3.2

Solutions of Question 3 &amp; 4 of Exercise 3.2 of Unit 03: Vectors. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 3

If $\vec{r}=\hat{i}-9\hat{j}$$\vec{a}=\hat{i}+2\hat{j}$$\vec{b}=5\hat{i}-\hat{j}$$p$$q$$\vec{r}=p\vec{a}+q\vec{b}$$$\vec{r}=p\vec{a}+q\vec{b}.$$$\vec{r},\vec{a}$$\vec{b}$$$\hat{i}-9\hat{j}=p(\hat{i}+2\hat{j})+q(5\hat{i}-\hat{j})$$$$\implies \hat{i}-9\…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-5-p4?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5(iii) &amp; 5(iv) Exercise 3.5</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-5-p4?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5(iii) &amp; 5(iv) Exercise 3.5

Solutions of Question 5(iii) &amp; 5(iv) of Exercise 3.5 of Unit 03: Vectors. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\vec{a}=a_1 \hat{i}+a_2 \hat{j}+a_3 \hat{k}\quad$$\quad\vec{b}=b_1 \hat{i}+b_2 \hat{j}+b_3 \hat{k}\quad$$(\vec{a}. \vec{b})^2,\quad|a|^2,\quad|b|^2$\begin{align}\vec{a} \cdot \vec{b}&amp;=(a_1 \hat{i}+a_2 \hat{j} + a_3 \hat{k}) \cdot(b_1 \hat{i}+b_2 \…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-1-p1?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1 and 2 Exercise 4.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-1-p1?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1 and 2 Exercise 4.1

Solutions of Question 1 and 2 of Exercise 4.1 of Unit 04: Sequence and Series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$2,4,6,8, \ldots ,50$$50 $$1,0,1,0,1, \ldots$$0$$1$$...,-4,0,4,8, \ldots, 60$$1,-\dfrac{1}{3}, \dfrac{1}{9},-\dfrac{1}{27}, \ldots,-\dfrac{1}{2187}$$a_n=\dfrac{n(n+1)}{2}$$$a_n=\dfrac{n(n+1)}{2}$$$n=1,$$$a_1=\dfrac{1(1+1)}{2}=1$$$n=2$$$a_2=\dfrac{2(2…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 3 and 4 Exercise 4.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-1-p2?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 3 and 4 Exercise 4.1

Solutions of Question 3 and 4 of Exercise 4.1 of Unit 04: Sequence and Series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\dfrac{1}{2}, \dfrac{2}{3} \dfrac{3}{4}, \dfrac{4}{5}, \ldots$$$\dfrac{1}{1+1}, \dfrac{2}{2+1}, \dfrac{3}{3+1}, \dfrac{4}{4+1},...$$$\dfrac{n}{n+1}$$2,-4,6,-8,10, \ldots$\begin{align}
&amp;(-1)^2 \cdot 2 \cdot 1, (-1)^3 \cdot 2 \cdot 2, (-1)^4 \cdot 2 \…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 16 Exercise 4.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-2-p12?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 16 Exercise 4.2

Solutions of Question 16 of Exercise 4.2 of Unit 04: Sequence and Series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 16
$5$$8$$5$$8$$A_1, A_2, A_3, A_4, A_5$$5$$8$$5, A_1, A_2, A_3, A_4, A_5, 8$$$a_1=5 \text{ and } a_7=8.$$\begin{align}&amp;a_7=a+6d\\
\implies &amp;8=5+6d\\
\implies &amp;6d=8-5\\
\implies &amp;d=\dfrac{3}{6}=\dfrac{1}{2}.
\end{align}\begin{align}
A_1&amp;=a+d=5+\dfra…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5 &amp; 6 Exercise 4.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-3-p4?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5 &amp; 6 Exercise 4.3

Solutions of Question 5 &amp; 6 of Exercise 4.3 of Unit 04: Sequence and Series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 5
$20$$120$$$a-2 d, a-d, a+d, a+2 d,$$$Condition-1$$20$\begin{align}a-3 d+a-d+a+d+a+3 d&amp;=20 \\
\Rightarrow 4 a&amp;=20\\
\Rightarrow a&amp;=5 .\end{align}$Condition-2$$120$\begin{align}(a-3 d)^2+(a-d)^2+(a+d)^2+(a+2 d)^2&amp;=120 \\
\Rightarrow a^2-6 a d+…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 3 Exercise 4.5</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-5-p3?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 3 Exercise 4.5

Solutions of Question 3 of Exercise 4.5 of Unit 04: Sequence and Series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 3
$a_2=2$$a_3=1$$a_1$$r$$$a_n=a_1 r^{n-1}$$$$a_2=a_1 r=2....(i)$$$$a_3=a_1 r^2=1...(ii)$$\begin{align}\dfrac{a_1 r^2}{a_1 r}&amp;=\dfrac{1}{2}\\
\Rightarrow r&amp;=\dfrac{1}{2} \text {, }\end{align}\begin{align}\dfrac{a_1}{2}&amp;=2\\
\Rightarrow a_1&amp;=4 \text {. …</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 11 &amp; 12 Exercise 4.5</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-5-p8?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 11 &amp; 12 Exercise 4.5

Solutions of Question 11 &amp; 12 of Exercise 4.5 of Unit 04: Sequence and Series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$p^{t h}, q^{t h}$$r^{t h}$$a, b, c$$a^{q-r} b^{r-p} c^{p-q}=1$$a_n=a_1 r^{n-1}$$a_p=a_1 r^{p-1}=a \quad a_q=a_1 r^{q-1}=b$$a_r=a_1 r^{r-1}$\begin{align}a^{q-r}&amp;=(a_1 r^{p-1})^{q-r} . \\
b^{r-p}&amp;=(a_1 r^{q-1})^{r-p}, \text { and } \\
c^{p-q}&amp;=(a_1 r^…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5 &amp; 6 Review Exercise</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit05/re-ex5-p4?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5 &amp; 6 Review Exercise

Solutions of Question 5 &amp; 6 of Review Exercise of Unit 05: Miscullaneous Series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$5+12 x+19 x^2+26 x^3+\ldots$$n$\begin{align}S_n&amp;=5+12 x+19 x^2+26 x^3+\cdots+(7 n-2) x^{n-1}...(i)\\ 
x S_n&amp;=5 x+12 x^2+19 x^3+\cdots+(7 n-9) x^{n-1}+(7 n-1) x^n....(ii)\end{align}\begin{align}(1-x) S_n&amp;=5+(12-5) x+(19-12) x^2+\cdots\\
&amp;+[7 n-2-(…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1 and 2 Exercise 6.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-1-p1?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1 and 2 Exercise 6.1

Solutions of Question 1 and 2 of Exercise 6.1 of Unit 06: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\dfrac{10 !}{3 ! .3 ! \cdot 4 !}$\begin{align}\dfrac{10 !}{3 ! \cdot 3 ! \cdot 4 !}&amp;=\dfrac{10.9 .8 \cdot 7 \cdot 6 \cdot 5.4 !}{3 ! \cdot 3 ! \cdot 4 !}\\
&amp;=\dfrac{10.9 .8 .7 .5}{3.2 .1}\\
&amp;=4200 \end{align}$\dfrac{3 !+4 !}{5 !-…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 3 &amp; 4 Exercise 6.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-1-p2?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 3 &amp; 4 Exercise 6.1

Solutions of Question 3 &amp; 4 of Exercise 6.1 of Unit 06: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\dfrac{1}{6 !}+\dfrac{2}{7 !}+\dfrac{3}{8 !}=\dfrac{75}{8 !}$\begin{align}\dfrac{1}{6 !}+\dfrac{2}{7 !}+\dfrac{3}{8 !}&amp;=\dfrac{1}{6 !}+\dfrac{2}{7.6 !}+\dfrac{3}{8.7 .6 !} \\
&amp; =\dfrac{56+16+3}{8 !}\\
&amp;=\dfrac{75}{8 !}\end{align}$\df…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1 and 2 Exercise 6.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-2-p1?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1 and 2 Exercise 6.2

Solutions of Question 1 and 2 of Exercise 6.2 of Unit 06: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$^6 P_6$\begin{align}^6 P_6&amp;=\dfrac{6 !}{(6-6) !}\\
&amp;=6 !=720\end{align}$^{20} P_2$\begin{align}^{20} P_2&amp;=\dfrac{20 !}{(20-2) !}\\
&amp;=\dfrac{20.19 .18 !}{18 !}\\
&amp;=20 \times 19=380\end{align}$^{16} P_3$\begin{align}^{16} P_3&amp;=\dfr…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1 Review Exercise 7</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit07/re-ex7-p1?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1 Review Exercise 7

Solutions of Question 1 of Review Exercise 7 of Unit 07: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.
Chose the correct option.
&lt;panel&gt;$O, P, Q, R, S, T, U$$2520$$9040$$5140$$4880$$\{1,2,3,4,5,6,7\}$$14$$42$$28$$21$$\{1,2,3,4,6,7,8\}$$3$$7$$120$$180$$144$$96$$\dfrac{(n+2) !(n-2) !}{(n+1) !(n-1) !}$$(n-3)$$(\dot{n}-1)$$\dfrac{n+1}{n…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2, Exercise 1.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p2?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2, Exercise 1.2

Solutions of Question 2 of Exercise 1.2 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. 

Question 2
$$
\left(z_{1} z_{2}\right)\left(z_{3} z_{4}\right)=\left(z_{1} z_{3}\right)\left(z_{2} z_{4}\right)=z_{3}\left(z_{1} z_{2}\right) z_{4}
$$\begin{align}
&amp;(z_1 z_2)(z_3 z_4) \\
=&amp;(z_1 z_2)z_5 \quad \text {Let }z_5=z_3 z_4 \\
=&amp;z_1 (z_2 z_5) \…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 13, Exercise 2.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-2-p13?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 13, Exercise 2.2

Solutions of Question 13 of Exercise 2.2 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $X$$Y$$2 X-Y=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}1 &amp; 6 &amp; -3 \\ 2 &amp; 1 &amp; 7\end{array}\right]$$X+3 Y=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}4 &amp; 3 &amp; 2 \\ 1 &amp; -3 &amp; 0\end{array}\right]$\begin{align*}
2X - Y = \begin{pmatrix} 1 &amp; 6 &amp; -3 \\ 2 &amp; 1 &amp; 7 \end{pmatrix} \cdots (i)\\…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 9 and 10, Exercise 4.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit04/ex4-2-p6?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 9 and 10, Exercise 4.2

Solutions of Question 9 and 10 of Exercise 4.2 of Unit 04: Sequence and Series. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\dfrac{1}{a}, b, \dfrac{1}{c}$$\dfrac{a-c}{2 a c}$$\dfrac{1}{a}, b, \dfrac{1}{c}$\begin{align*}
d&amp;=b-\frac{1}{a}\cdots (i)\\
\end{align*}\begin{align*}
d&amp;=\frac{1}{c}-b \cdots (ii)
\end{align*}\begin{align*}
b-\frac{1}{a}&amp;=\frac{1}{c}-…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5 and 6, Exercise 8.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/ex8-1-p5?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5 and 6, Exercise 8.1

Solutions of Question 5 and 6 of Exercise 8.1 of Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\sin \alpha=\dfrac{4}{5}, \tan \beta=-\dfrac{5}{12}$$\cos (\alpha+\beta)$$\cos (\alpha-\beta)$$\sin \alpha=\dfrac{4}{5}$$\alpha$$\tan \beta=-\dfrac{5}{12}$$\beta$$$\cos \alpha=\pm \sqrt{1-\sin^2\alpha}.$$$\alpha$$\cos$\begin{alig…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 8, Exercise 8.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/ex8-1-p7?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 8, Exercise 8.1

Solutions of Question 8 of Exercise 8.1 of Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\sin \alpha=\dfrac{3}{5}$$0&lt;\alpha&lt;\dfrac{\pi}{2}$$\cos \beta=\dfrac{12}{13}$$\dfrac{3 \pi}{2}&lt;\beta&lt;2 \pi$$\csc (\alpha+\beta)$$\sec (\alpha+\beta)$$\cot (\alpha+\beta)$$\sin \alpha=\dfrac{3}{5}$$0&lt;\alpha&lt;\dfrac{\pi}{2}$$\alpha$\begin{align…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 7 Exercise 8.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/ex8-2-p5?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 7 Exercise 8.2

Solutions of Question 7 of Exercise 8.2 of Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $$\sin ^{2} \alpha \cos ^{2} \alpha$$\begin{align*}
\sin ^{2} \alpha \cos ^{2} \alpha &amp;= \left(\frac{1-\cos 2\alpha}{2} \right)\left(\frac{1+\cos 2\alpha}{2} \right)\\
&amp;= \frac{1}{4}(1-\cos^2 2\alpha) \\
&amp;=\frac{1}{4}\left(1-\frac{1+\cos 4\alp…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Atiq ur Rehman, PhD</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/atiq?rev=1737476042&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Atiq ur Rehman, PhD

&lt;div&gt;
&lt;img src=images/dr-atiq.jpg class=mediacenter width=90% \&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;



&lt;WRAP indent&gt;
Atiq ur Rehman, PhD

Associate Professor (Tenured)

Department of Mathematics

COMSATS University Islamabad, Attock Campus

Kamra Road, Attock - PAKISTAN.
&lt;/WRAP&gt;

Email: &lt;Atiq@MathCity.org&gt;, &lt;atiq@cuiatk.edu.pk&gt;

Field of Research: Difference and functional equations, Real functions, Inequalities in monotonic and convex functions</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>ADS/BSc</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/bsc?rev=1737476042&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>ADS/BSc

One this page we have listed notes/resources widely used in BSc or in Associated Degree of Science (ADS). This includes notes of some famous books and other resources. 

Notes of Famous Books




Notes of Calculus with Analytic Geometry

Notes of Calculus with Analytic Geometry





Notes of Mathematical Method

Notes of Mathematical Method





Introduction to Mechanics

Introduction to Mechanics





Other notes




Notes of Mechanics</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>FSc/ICS Part 2 (Mathematics): PTB</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part2-ptb?rev=1737476042&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>FSc/ICS Part 2 (Mathematics): PTB

[Calculus and Analytic Geometry, MATHEMATICS 12]
&lt;lead&gt;Calculus and Analytic Geometry, MATHEMATICS 12 (Mathematics FSc/ICS Part 2 or HSSC-II), Punjab Textbook Board (PTB) Lahore, Pakistan. There are total seven (7) units in this book.&lt;/lead&gt; 
One this page we have posted Notes (Solutions), MCQs, short question, sample papers and old papers related to this subject. This book has wide scope and it is part of syllabus of Mathematics in FSc/ICS from all board (Boar…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:54+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Fall 2015)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/atiq/fa15-mth322?rev=1737476034&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Fall 2015)

Course Contents:

Sequences of functions: convergence, uniform convergence, uniform convergence and continuity, uniform convergence and integration, uniform convergence and differentiation, the exponential and logarithmic function, the trigonometric functions.</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:54+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Fall 2016)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/atiq/fa16-mth322?rev=1737476034&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>~~DISCUSSION:off~~

MTH322: Real Analysis II (Fall 2016)

&lt;callout type=“info” icon=“true”&gt;
Do you have questions or comments? Please use Discussion at the end of this page.
&lt;/callout&gt;

This course is offered to MSc, Semester III at Department of Mathematics, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Attock campus. The is course need rigorous knowledge of continuity, differentiation, integration, sequences and series of numbers, that is many notion included in</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/atiq/fa17-mth322?rev=1737476034&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:54+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Fall 2017)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/atiq/fa17-mth322?rev=1737476034&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Fall 2017)

This course is offered to MSc, Semester III at Department of Mathematics, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Attock campus. The is course need rigorous knowledge of continuity, differentiation, integration, sequences and series of numbers, that is many notion included in</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/atiq/sp16-mth322?rev=1737476034&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:54+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Spring 2016)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/atiq/sp16-mth322?rev=1737476034&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Spring 2016)

This course was teach to MSc III and IV.

Course Contents:

Sequences of functions: convergence, uniform convergence, uniform convergence and continuity, uniform convergence and integration, uniform convergence and differentiation, the exponential and logarithmic function, the trigonometric functions.</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/atiq/sp17-mth322?rev=1737476034&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:54+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Spring 2017)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/atiq/sp17-mth322?rev=1737476034&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>~~DISCUSSION:closed~~

MTH322: Real Analysis II (Spring 2017)

&lt;callout type=“info” icon=“true”&gt;
Do you have questions or comments? Please use Discussion at the end of this page.
&lt;/callout&gt;

This course is offered to MSc, Semester III at Department of Mathematics, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Attock campus. The is course need rigorous knowledge of continuity, differentiation, integration, sequences and series of numbers, that is many notion included in</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/atiq/sp22-mth322?rev=1737476034&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:54+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Spring 2022)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/atiq/sp22-mth322?rev=1737476034&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Spring 2022)

This course is offered to BS, Semester VI at Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Attock campus. This course need rigorous knowledge of continuity, differentiation, integration, sequences and series of numbers, that is many notion included in &lt;div&gt;
&lt;center&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;container-self&quot;&gt;
  &lt;iframe class=&quot;responsive-iframe-self&quot; src=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/embed/videoseries?list=PLNZrcn6oQNnen-xIz_5DjQbkwbQnu7Xgt&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; allow=&quot;a…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/bsc/notes_of_calculus_with_analytic_geometry?rev=1737476035&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:55+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Notes of Calculus with Analytic Geometry</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/bsc/notes_of_calculus_with_analytic_geometry?rev=1737476035&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Notes of Calculus with Analytic Geometry

[Calculus with Analytic Geometry by Dr. S. M. Yusuf and Prof. Muhammad Amin]
Calculus with Analytic Geometry by Dr. S. M. Yusuf and Prof. Muhammad Amin, published by Ilmi Kitab Khana, Lahore-Pakistan is one of the books studied widely in Bachelor and undergraduate classes inclduing different engineering programs. There are total of ten chapters. Solutions of the books are given in the chapters listed below. The only aim to publish the soltuions is to pro…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-ptb/trigonometric-formulas?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Trigonometric Formulas</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-ptb/trigonometric-formulas?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Trigonometric Formulas

These are the common formulas used in Chapter 9 to 14 of Textbook of Algebra and Trigonometry Class XI, Punjab Textbook Board Lahore. This handout is very helpful to remember the formulas. All these formulas are given for real valued and defined trigonometric functions. A PDF file can be downloaded for high quality printing and a word file is also given if you wish to modify the contents or credit as you need.
&lt;panel&gt;
${{\sin }^{2}}\theta +{{\cos }^{2}}\theta =1$$1+{{\tan…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part2-ptb/short-term-preparation-salman-sherazi?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Short Term Preparation FSc 2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part2-ptb/short-term-preparation-salman-sherazi?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Short Term Preparation FSc 2

fsc fsc_part2 m_salman_sherazi important_questions_fsc_2

[Short Term Preparation Guide FSc 2]
This document contains all the important MCQs, Short Questions and Long Questions of Mathematics HSSC-II (FSc Part 2) from the Calculus and Analytic Geometry, MATHEMATICS 12. It has been done to help the students and teachers at no cost by M Salman Sherazi. This work (pdf) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0. It has been done to…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_2_solutions?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>FSc/ICS Part 2 Solutions</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_2_solutions?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>FSc/ICS Part 2 Solutions

[Calculus and Analytic Geometry, MATHEMATICS 12]

&lt;lead&gt;Notes (Solutions) of Calculus and Analytic Geometry, MATHEMATICS 12 (Mathematics FSc/ICS Part 2 or HSSC-II), Punjab Text Book Board Lahore.&lt;/lead&gt; There are seven units in this book and we have work hard to make easy and suitable solutions for students and teachers so that it help them learn things quickly and easily. Please click on a desire unit to view the solution of any particular exercise. This work is licens…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/mcqs?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>MCQs: Math 11 NBF</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/mcqs?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>MCQs: Math 11 NBF

&lt;lead&gt;Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) of the Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI is published by National Book Foundation (NBF), Islamabad, Pakistan. NBF can be considered as Federal Textbook Board Islamabad. &lt;/lead&gt;

Unit 01: Complex Numbers
$\operatorname{part}(\mathrm{s})$$z$$z$$(0,0)$$(1,0)$$(0,1)$$(1,1)$$z$$|z|$$1 / z$$-z$$\bar{z}$$x$$y$$x y$$z_{1}=3+2 i$$z_{2}=5+6 i$$z_{1}&gt;z_{2}$$z_{1}&lt;z_{2}$$\overline{z_{1}}=\overline{z_{2}}$$\overline{z_{1}}=-\overline{z_{2}}$$…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/matric/9th_science?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:01+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Mathematics 9 (Science Group)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/matric/9th_science?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Mathematics 9 (Science Group)


[Mathematics 9 (Science Group)]
Mathematics 9 is written by Dr. Karamat H. Dar and Prof. Irfan-ul-Haq and this book is published by Carvan Book House, Lahore, Pakistan. This book consist of 302 pages and there are 17 units. Notes of Unit 1 and 3 are provided by $ka + kb + kc$$ac + ad + bc + bd$$a^2 + 2ab + b^2$$a^2 – b^2$$a^2 + 2ab + b^2 – c^2$$a^4 + a^2b^2 + b^4$$a^4 + 4b^4$$x^2 + px + q$$ax^2 + bx + c$$(ax^2 + bx + c) (ax2 + bx + d) + k$$(x + a) (x + b) (x + c) …</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/notes/history-of-mathematics-m-usman-hamid?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:01+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>History of Mathematics by Muhammad Usman Hamid</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/notes/history-of-mathematics-m-usman-hamid?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>History of Mathematics by Muhammad Usman Hamid

[History of Mathematics by Muhammad Usman Hamid]

Mathematics is a unique aspect of human thought, and its history differs in essence from all other histories. These notes are written by Muhammad Usman Hamid. We are very thankful to him for sharing these notes on our website.</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/notes/mechanics-i-statics-dr-babar-ahmad?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:01+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Mechanics I (Statics) by Dr Babar Ahmad</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/notes/mechanics-i-statics-dr-babar-ahmad?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Mechanics I (Statics) by Dr Babar Ahmad

[Mechanics I (Statics) by Dr Babar Ahmad]

We are very thankful to Dr Babar Ahmad for sharing his book on MathCity.org. This book is very helpful for undergraduate students of Science and Engineering Programs. 

This book is shared by the permission of the author and he keeps the copyright of the book.</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/notes/ring_notes?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:01+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Ring (Notes) by Prof. M. Dabeer Mughal</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/notes/ring_notes?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Ring (Notes) by Prof. M. Dabeer Mughal

[Ring (Notes) by Prof. M. Dabeer Mughal]
A handwritten notes on Ring (Algebra) by Prof. M. Dabeer Mughal (Federal Directorate of Education, Islamabad, Pakistan). It is best to prepare a “Rings and Vector Spaces” section of your algebra paper or Algebra II for BS or MS Mathematics.$\phi$</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-ptb/important-questions/ch09-fundamentals-of-trigonometry?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Ch 09: Fundamental of Trigonometry</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-ptb/important-questions/ch09-fundamentals-of-trigonometry?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Ch 09: Fundamental of Trigonometry

&lt;list-group&gt;

	*  Find the value of the remaining trigonometric functions of $\theta$, If $cos \theta=\frac{12}{13}$ and the terminal side of the angle is not in the $I$ Quadrant. --- BISE Gujrawala(2015)
	*  Express in radian $120&#039;40&#039;&#039;$ --- BISE Gujrawala(2017)$2 $$\sin 45^{\circ} +\frac{1}{2}\cos 45^{\circ}=\frac{3}{\sqrt{2}}$$cosce \theta+tan\theta sec \theta=cosec \theta sec^2 \theta$$(tan\theta+cot\theta)^2=sec^2\theta cosec^2\theta$$150^{\circ}$$\theta$$…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:55+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Chapter 01: Number System</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_1_solutions/ch01?rev=1737476035&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Chapter 01: Number System

[Chapter 01: Number System]
Notes (Solutions) of Chapter 01: Number System, Textbook of Algebra and Trigonometry Class XI (Mathematics FSc Part 1 or HSSC-I), Punjab Text Book Board, Lahore.

Contents &amp; summary

	*  Rational numbers and irrational numbers$\mathbb{C}$$(x+iy)^n$$\left(\frac{x_1+iy_1}{x_2+iy_2}\right)^n, x_2+iy_2\neq 0$$\sqrt{-1}=i$$\sqrt{-1}$$i$$-i$$i$$-i$$-1$$i^2=-1$$\sqrt{-1}=i$$\sqrt{-1}$</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:55+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Chapter 06: Sequences and Series</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_1_solutions/ch06?rev=1737476035&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Chapter 06: Sequences and Series

[Chapter 06: Sequences and Series]
Notes (Solutions) of Chapter 06: Sequences and Series, Text Book of Algebra and Trigonometry Class XI (Mathematics FSc Part 1 or HSSC-I), Punjab Text Book Board, Lahore.

Contents &amp; summary

	*  Introduction
	*  Types of Sequences$l,m,n$$p$$q$$r$$$l(q-r)+m(r-p)+n(p-q)=0$$$a_1$$d$$$\begin{align}l=a_1+(p-1)d,\\ m=a_1+(q-1)d,\\ n=a_1+(r-1)d.\end{align}$$
Now $$\begin{align}L.H.S &amp;=  l(q-r)+m(r-p)+n(p-q)\\
&amp;= lq-lr+mr-mp+np-nq\\
&amp;=…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_1_solutions/ch12?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Chapter 12: Application of Trigonometry</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_1_solutions/ch12?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Chapter 12: Application of Trigonometry

[Chapter 12: Application of Trigonometry]
Notes (Solutions) of Chapter 12: Application of Trigonometry, Text Book of Algebra and Trigonometry Class XI (Mathematics FSc Part 1 or HSSC-I), Punjab Text Book Board, Lahore.

Contents &amp; summary

	*  Introduction</description>
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        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>MCQs with key</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_2_mcqs/mcqs_with_key?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>MCQs with key

[MCQs Choice]
In this one PDF, MCQs of all chapters of FSc Part2 are given. There are seven chapters. Keys of MCQs is starting from page 51.

SAMPLE MCQs

	*  A function $I(x)=x$ is called
		*  (A) A linear function
		*  (B) An identity function
		*  (C) A quadratic function$\frac{d}{dx} \tan 3x =$$3\sec^2 3x$$\frac{1}{3}\sec^2 3x$$\cot 3x$$\sec^2 x$$y=f(x)$$y$$dy=f&#039;(x)$$dy=f&#039;(x) dx$$dy=f(x)$$\frac{dy}{dx}$$x&lt;0$$y&lt;0$$P(x,y)$$ax+by&lt;c$$1$</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_2_mcqs/short_questions_by_mr._akhtar_abbas?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Short Questions by Mr. Akhtar Abbas</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_2_mcqs/short_questions_by_mr._akhtar_abbas?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Short Questions by Mr. Akhtar Abbas

	*  We are very thankful to Mr. Akhtar Abbas for sharing these short questions.
	*  These short questions are selected from previous 5 years papers of different boards. Solve these at your own to perform well in annual exams.$\sqrt{x^2-4}$$f(x)=\frac{2x}{x-2}$$x=2$$x^{100}$</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Unit 01: Functions and Limits</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_2_solutions/ch01?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Unit 01: Functions and Limits

[Unit 01: Functions and Limits]
Notes (Solutions) of Unit 01: Functions and Limits, Calculus and Analytic Geometry, MATHEMATICS 12 (Mathematics FSc Part 2 or HSSC-II), Punjab Text Book Board Lahore. There are five exercises in this chapter. You can view online or download PDF. To view PDF, you must have PDF Reader installed on your system and it can be downloaded from $\lim_{x\to a}\frac{x^n-a^n}{x-a} = na^{n-1}$$\lim_{x\to0}\frac{\sqrt{x+a} - \sqrt{a}}{x} = \frac{…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Unit 02: Differentiation</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_2_solutions/ch02?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Unit 02: Differentiation

[Unit 02: Differentiation]
Notes (Solutions) of Unit 02: Differentiation, Calculus and Analytic Geometry, MATHEMATICS 12 (Mathematics FSc Part 2 or HSSC-II), Punjab Text Book Board Lahore. You can view online or download PDF. To view PDF, you must have PDF Reader installed on your system and it can be downloaded from Software section.$f&#039;(x)$$x^n$$n \in \mathbb{Z}$$\frac{x+1}{x-1}$$x$$$
\begin{aligned}
\frac{d}{dx}\left(\frac{x+1}{x-1}\right) &amp;= \frac{(x-1)\frac{d}{dx}(x…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Unit 03: Integration</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_2_solutions/ch03?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Unit 03: Integration

[Unit 03: Integration]
Notes (Solutions) of Unit 03: Integration, Calculus and Analytic Geometry, MATHEMATICS 12 (Mathematics FSc Part 2 or HSSC-II), Punjab Text Book Board Lahore. You can view online or download PDF. To view PDF, you must have PDF Reader installed on your system and it can be downloaded from Software section.$dy$$\delta{y}$$[f(x)]^n f&#039;(x)$$[f(x)]^{-1}f&#039;(x)$</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Unit 04: Introduction to Analytic Geometry</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_2_solutions/ch04?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Unit 04: Introduction to Analytic Geometry

[Unit 01: Functions and Limits]
Notes (Solutions) of Unit 04: Introduction to Analytic Geometry, Calculus and Analytic Geometry, MATHEMATICS 12 (Mathematics FSc Part 2 or HSSC-II), Punjab Text Book Board Lahore. You can view online or download PDF. To view PDF, you must have PDF Reader installed on your system and it can be downloaded from Software section.$ax^2+ 2hxy+by^2=0$</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Unit 05: Linear Inequalities and Linear Programming</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_2_solutions/ch05?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Unit 05: Linear Inequalities and Linear Programming

[Unit 05: Linear Inequalities and Linear Programming]
Notes (Solutions) of Unit 05: Linear Inequalities and Linear Programming, Calculus and Analytic Geometry, MATHEMATICS 12 (Mathematics FSc Part 2 or HSSC-II), Punjab Text Book Board Lahore. You can view online or download PDF. To view PDF, you must have PDF Reader installed on your system and it can be downloaded from Software section.</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Unit 06: Conic Section</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_2_solutions/ch06?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Unit 06: Conic Section

[Unit 06: Conic Section]

Notes (Solutions) of Unit 06: Conic Section, Calculus and Analytic Geometry, MATHEMATICS 12 (Mathematics FSc Part 2 or HSSC-II), Punjab Text Book Board Lahore. You can view online or download PDF. To view PDF, you must have PDF Reader installed on your system and it can be downloaded from Software section.</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc/kpk-fsc-part2-km/view?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>FSc-II Mathematics KPK: View Online</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc/kpk-fsc-part2-km/view?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>FSc-II Mathematics KPK: View Online

On this page one can view the PDF of solutions of the “Textbook of Mathematics Grade 12” published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board, Peshawar, Pakistan. These notes are written by khalid. Link to PDF is given at the end of preview.</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Unit 03: Vectors (Solutions)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Unit 03: Vectors (Solutions)

This is a third unit of the book Mathematics 11 published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board, Peshawar, Pakistan. On this page we have provided the solutions of the questions.

After reading this unit the students will be able to$i$$j$$i$$j$$k$$O$$-A$$A$$i.i=j.j=k.k=1$$i.j=j.k=k.i=0$$i\times i =j\times j =k\times k=0$$i\times j = k$$j\times k =k\times j = i$$A \times B$$A$$B$$i.j\times k =j.k\times i=k.i\times j=1$$i.k\times j = J.i\times k=k.j\times i=-1$</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/matric/9th_science/unit11?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:01+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Unit 11: Parallelograms and Triangles</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/matric/9th_science/unit11?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Unit 11: Parallelograms and Triangles

On this page notes of Unit 11 of Mathematics 9 written by Dr. Karamat H. Dar and Prof. Irfan-ul-Haq are given.
[Unit 08: Linear Graph and their Application]
After studying this unit, the students will be able to:

	*  prove that in a parallelogram
		*  the opposite sides are congruent,</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/msc/real_analysis_notes_by_syed_gul_shah/real_number_system?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:01+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Chapter 01 - Real Number System</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/msc/real_analysis_notes_by_syed_gul_shah/real_number_system?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Chapter 01 - Real Number System

Contents &amp; Summary

	*  Theorem: There is no rational p such that $p^2=2$.
	*  Theorem: Let A be the set of all positive rationals p such that $p^2&gt;2$ and let B consist of all positive rationals p such that $p^2&lt;2$ then A contain no largest member and $x&lt;y$$x&lt;u&lt;y$$x=\sup E$$x&gt;0$$n&gt;0$$y^n=x$$\underline x,\underline y\in \mathbb{R}^n$$\|\underline x^2\|=\underline x\cdot \underline x$$\|\underline x\cdot \underline y\|=\|\underline x\| \|\underline y\|$$\underline …</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Exercise 1.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-1-p1?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Exercise 1.1

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 1.1 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 1(i)
${{i}^{9}}+{{i}^{19}}$\begin{align}{{i}^{9}}+{{i}^{19}}&amp;=i\cdot{{i}^{8}}+i\cdot{{i}^{18}}\\
&amp;=i\cdot{{\left( {{i}^{2}} \right)}^{4}}+i\cdot{{\left( {{i}^{2}} \right)}^{9}}\\
&amp;=i\cdot{{\left( -1 \right)}^{4}}+i\cdot{{\left( -1 \right)}^{9}}\\
&amp;=i\cdo…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2 &amp; 3, Exercise 1.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-1-p2?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2 &amp; 3, Exercise 1.1

Solutions of Question 2 &amp; 3 of Exercise 1.1 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 2
${{i}^{107}}+{{i}^{112}}+{{i}^{122}}+{{i}^{153}}=0$\begin{align}L.H.S.&amp;={{i}^{107}}+{{i}^{112}}+{{i}^{122}}+{{i}^{153}}\\
&amp;=i\cdot i^{106}+i^{112}+i^{122}+i\cdot i^{152}\\
&amp;=i.{{\left( {{i}^{2}} \right)}^{53}}+{{\left( {{i}^{2}} \right)}^{56}}+…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 4, Exercise 1.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-1-p3?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 4, Exercise 1.1

Solutions of Question 4 of Exercise 1.1 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 4(i)
$\left( a,0 \right)\left( 2,-b \right)$\begin{align}&amp;\left( a,0 \right)-\left( 2,-b \right)\\
&amp;=\left( a+0i \right)-\left( 2-bi \right)\\
&amp;=\left( a-2 \right)+\left( 0+b \right)i\\
&amp;=\left( a-2 \right)+bi\end{align}$\left( -3,\dfrac{1}{2} \right)\le…</description>
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        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5, Exercise 1.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-1-p4?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5, Exercise 1.1

Solutions of Question 5 of Exercise 1.1 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 5(i)
$8i+11,-7+5i$\begin{align}&amp;(8i+11)\times (-7+5i)\\
&amp;=\left( 11+8i \right)\times \left( -7+5i \right)\\
&amp;=\left( -77+40{{i}^{2}} \right)+\left( 55-56 \right)i\\
&amp;=\left( -77+40\left( -1 \right) \right)+\left( 55-56 \right)i\\
&amp;=\left( -77-40 \right)+…</description>
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        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 6, Exercise 1.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-1-p5?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 6, Exercise 1.1

Solutions of Question 6 of Exercise 1.1 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 6(i)
$\dfrac{4+i}{3+5i}$$a+ib$\begin{align}\dfrac{4+i}{3+5i}&amp;=\dfrac{4+i}{3+5i}\times \dfrac{3-5i}{3-5i}\\
&amp;=\dfrac{\left( 12+5 \right)+\left( 3-20 \right)i}{9-25{{i}^{2}}}\\
&amp;=\dfrac{17-17i}{9+25}\\
&amp;=\dfrac{17}{34}-\dfrac{17}{34}i\\
&amp;=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfr…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-1-p6?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 7, Exercise 1.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-1-p6?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 7, Exercise 1.1

Solutions of Question 7 of Exercise 1.1 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 7(i)
${{z}_{1}}=1+2i$${{z}_{2}}=2+3i$$|{{z}_{1}}+{{z}_{2}}|$$z_1=1+2i$$z_2=2+3i$\begin{align}
{{z}_{1}}+{{z}_{2}}&amp;=1+2i+2+3i\\
&amp;=1+2+2i+3i\\
&amp;=3+5i
\end{align}\begin{align}
|z_1+z_2|&amp;=\sqrt{3^2+5^2}\\
&amp;=\sqrt{9+25}\\ 
&amp;=\sqrt{34}\end{align}${{z}_{1}}=1+2…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-1-p7?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 8, Exercise 1.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-1-p7?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 8, Exercise 1.1

Solutions of Question 8 of Exercise 1.1 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 8(i)
$\dfrac{1-2i}{2+i}+\dfrac{4-i}{3+2i}$$a+ib.$\begin{align}&amp;\dfrac{1-2i}{2+i}+\dfrac{4-i}{3+2i}\\
&amp;=\dfrac{\left( 3+2i \right)\left( 1-2i \right)+\left( 2+i \right)\left( 4-i \right)}{\left( 2+i \right)\left( 3+2i \right)}\\
&amp;=\dfrac{\left( 3+4+2i-6i …</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-1-p9?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 11, Exercise 1.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-1-p9?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 11, Exercise 1.1

Solutions of Question 11 of Exercise 1.1 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 11(i)
${{z}_{1}}=2-i$${{z}_{2}}=-2+i$${\rm Re}\left( \dfrac{{{z}_{1}}{{z}_{2}}}{\overline{{{z}_{1}}}} \right)$$z_1=2-i$$z_2=-2+i$$\overline{z_1}=2+i$\begin{align}
z_1 z_2&amp;=(2-i)(-2+i)\\ 
&amp;=-4+1+2i+2i\\
&amp;=-3+4i
\end{align}\begin{align}
\dfrac{z_1 z_2}{\…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p3?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 3 &amp; 4, Exercise 1.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p3?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 3 &amp; 4, Exercise 1.2

Solutions of Question 3 &amp; 4 of Exercise 1.2 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 3
${{z}_{1}}=\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}i$${{z}_{2}}=\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}i$${{z}_{3}}=2+3i$${{z}_{1}}=\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}i$${{z}_{2}}=\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}i$${{z}_{3}}=2+3i$\begin{align}{{z}_{1}}\left( {{z}_{2}}+{{z}_{3}} \right)&amp;={{z}_{1}}{{z}_{2}}+{{z}_{1}}{{z}_{…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p4?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5, Exercise 1.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p4?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5, Exercise 1.2

Solutions of Question 5 of Exercise 1.2 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 5(i)
${{z}_{1}}=2+4i$${{z}_{2}}=1-3i$$\overline{{{z}_{1}}+{{z}_{2}}}=\overline{{{z}_{1}}}+\overline{{{z}_{2}}}$${{z}_{1}}=2+4i$${{z}_{2}}=1-3i$$\overline{{{z}_{1}}}=2-4i$$\overline{{{z}_{2}}}=1+3i$\begin{align}z_1+z_2&amp;=2+4i+1-3i\\
&amp;=3+i \end{align}\begin…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p5?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 6, Exercise 1.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p5?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 6, Exercise 1.2

Solutions of Question 6 of Exercise 1.2 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 6(i)
${{z}_{1}}$${{z}_{2}}$$|{{z}_{1}}{{z}_{2}}|=|{{z}_{1}}||{{z}_{2}}|$${{z}_{1}}=a+bi$${{z}_{2}}=c+di$$|z_1=\sqrt{a^2+b^2}|$$|z_2=\sqrt{c^2+d^2}|$\begin{align}
L.H.S.&amp;=|{{z}_{1}}{{z}_{2}}|\\
&amp;=|(a+bi)(c+di)|\\ 
&amp;=|ac-bd+(ad+bc)i|\\
&amp;=\sqrt{{{(ac-bd)}^{…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p6?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 7, Exercise 1.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p6?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 7, Exercise 1.2

Solutions of Question 7 of Exercise 1.2 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 7(i)
$\dfrac{2+3i}{5-2i}$\begin{align}&amp;\dfrac{2+3i}{5-2i} \\
=&amp;\dfrac{2+3i}{5-2i}\times \dfrac{5+2i}{5+2i} \quad \text{by rationalizing} \\
=&amp;\dfrac{10-6+15i+4i}{25+4}\\
=&amp;\dfrac{4+19i}{29}\\
=&amp;\dfrac{4}{29}+\dfrac{19}{29}i \end{align}$=\dfrac{4}{29}$$=\…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p7?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 8, Exercise 1.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p7?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 8, Exercise 1.2

Solutions of Question 8 of Exercise 1.2 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 8(i)
$z+\overline{z}=2\operatorname{Re}\left( z \right)$$z=a+ib$$\overline{z}=a-ib$\begin{align}z+\overline{z}&amp;=\left( a+ib \right)+\left( a-ib \right)\\
&amp;=a+ib+a-ib\\
&amp;=2a\\
z+\overline{z}&amp;=2\operatorname{Re}\left( z \right)\end{align}$z-\overline{z}=2i…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p8?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 9, Exercise 1.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p8?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 9, Exercise 1.2

Solutions of Question 9 of Exercise 1.2 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 9(i)
$z=3+2i,$$-|z|\leq \operatorname{Re}\left( z \right)\leq |z|$$z=3+2i$$|z|=\sqrt{9+4}=\sqrt{13}$${\rm Re}z=3=\sqrt{9}$\begin{align} &amp;-\sqrt{13} \leq \sqrt{9} \leq \sqrt{13}\\
\implies &amp;-|z|\leq \operatorname{Re}\left( z \right)\leq |z|\end{align}$z=3…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-3-p2?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2, Exercise 1.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-3-p2?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2, Exercise 1.3

Solutions of Question 2 of Exercise 1.3 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 2(i)
$P(z)$$$P\left( z \right)={{z}^{3}}+6z+20$$$$p\left( z \right)={{z}^{3}}+6z+20$$$(z-a)$$P(z)$$P(a)=0$$z=-2$\begin{align}
P(-2)&amp;=(-2)^3+6(-2)+20\\
&amp;=-8-12+20\\
&amp;=0\end{align}$z+2$${{z}^{3}}+6z+20$$$\begin{array}{c|cccc}
-2 &amp; 1 &amp; 0 &amp; 6 &amp; 20 \\  
 &amp; \d…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5, Exercise 1.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-3-p4?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5, Exercise 1.3

Solutions of Question 5 of Exercise 1.3 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 5(i)
${{z}^{2}}+z+3=0$${{z}^{2}}+z+3=0$$a=1,\,\,\,b=1$$c=3$\begin{align}z&amp;=\dfrac{-b\pm \sqrt{{{b}^{2}}-4ac}}{2a}\\ 
z&amp;=\dfrac{-\left( 1 \right)\pm \sqrt{{{\left( 1 \right)}^{2}}-4\left( 1 \right)\left( 3 \right)}}{2\left( 1 \right)}\\
z&amp;=\dfrac{-1\pm \s…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 6, Exercise 1.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-3-p5?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 6, Exercise 1.3

Solutions of Question 6 of Exercise 1.3 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 6(i)
${{z}^{4}}+{{z}^{2}}+1=0$\begin{align}{{z}^{4}}+{{z}^{2}}+1&amp;=0\\
{{z}^{4}}+2\left( \dfrac{1}{2} \right){{z}^{2}}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{4}+1&amp;=0\\
{{\left( {{z}^{2}}+\dfrac{1}{2} \right)}^{2}}+\dfrac{4-1}{4}&amp;=0\\
{{\left( {{z}^{2}}+\dfrac{1}{2} \righ…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Review Exercise 1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/review-ex-1-p1?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Review Exercise 1

Solutions of Question 1 of Review Exercise 1 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 1
${{\left( \dfrac{2i}{1+i} \right)}^{2}}$$i$$2i$$1-i$$i+1$$\dfrac{5+2i}{4-3i}$$-\dfrac{7}{25}+\dfrac{26}{25}i$$\dfrac{5}{4}-\dfrac{2}{3}i$$\dfrac{14}{25}+\dfrac{23}{25}i$$\dfrac{26}{7}+\dfrac{23}{7}i$${{i}^{57}}+\frac{1}{{{i}^{25}}}$$0$$2i$$-2…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2 &amp; 3, Review Exercise 1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit01/review-ex-1-p2?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2 &amp; 3, Review Exercise 1

Solutions of Question 2 &amp; 3 of Review Exercise 1 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.${{i}^{n}}+{{i}^{n+1}}+{{i}^{n+2}}+{{i}^{n+3}}=0$$\forall n\in N$\begin{align}{{i}^{n}}+{{i}^{n+1}}+{{i}^{n+2}}+{{i}^{n+3}}&amp;=0\\
L.H.S.&amp;={{i}^{n}}+{{i}^{n}}\cdot i+{{i}^{n}}\cdot {{i}^{2}}+{{i}^{n}}\cdot {{i}^{3}}\\
&amp;={{i}^{n}}\left( 1+i+{{i}^{2}}…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Exercise 10.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-1-p1?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Exercise 10.1

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 10.1 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan. There are four parts in Question 1.$\sin {{37}^{\circ }}\cos {{22}^{\circ }}+\cos {{37}^{\circ }}\sin {{22}^{\circ }}$\begin{align} \sin (\alpha +\beta )=\sin \alpha \cos \beta +\cos \alpha \sin \beta, \end{align}\begin{a…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2, Exercise 10.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-1-p2?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2, Exercise 10.1

Solutions of Question 2 of Exercise 10.1 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\sin \dfrac{\pi }{12}$$\dfrac{\pi }{12}$$\dfrac{\pi }{3}-\dfrac{\pi }{4}$\begin{align}\sin (\alpha -\beta )=\sin \alpha \cos \beta -\cos \alpha \sin.\end{align}\begin{align} \Rightarrow \quad \sin \left( \frac{\pi }{3}-\f…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 3, Exercise 10.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-1-p3?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 3, Exercise 10.1

Solutions of Question 3 of Exercise 10.1 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\sin u=\dfrac{3}{5}$$\sin v=\dfrac{4}{5}$$u$$v$$0$$\dfrac{\pi }{2}$$\cos \left( u+v \right)$$\sin u=\dfrac{3}{5},$$0\le u\le \dfrac{\pi }{2}.$$\sin v=\dfrac{4}{5},$$0\le v\le \dfrac{\pi }{2}.$$\cos u=\pm \sqrt{1-{{\sin }^…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5, Exercise 10.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-1-p5?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5, Exercise 10.1

Solutions of Question 5 of Exercise 10.1 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\tan \alpha =\dfrac{3}{4}$$\sec \beta =\dfrac{13}{5}$$\alpha$$\beta$$\sin \left( \alpha +\beta  \right)$$\tan\alpha =\dfrac{3}{4}$$\tan\alpha$$\alpha$\begin{align}{{\sec}^{2}}\alpha &amp;=1+{{\tan}^{2}}\alpha\\
\Rightarrow \q…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 6, Exercise 10.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-1-p6?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 6, Exercise 10.1

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 10.1 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\cos \alpha =2{{\cos }^{2}}\dfrac{\alpha }{2}-1=1-2{{\sin }^{2}}\dfrac{\alpha }{2}$\begin{align}L.H.S&amp;=\cos \alpha \\
\cos \alpha &amp;=\cos 2\dfrac{\alpha }{2}\\
&amp;={{\cos }^{2}}\dfrac{\alpha }{2}-{{\sin }^{2}}\dfrac{\alpha }…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 7, Exercise 10.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-1-p7?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 7, Exercise 10.1

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 10.1 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\cot \left( \alpha +\beta  \right)=\dfrac{\cot \alpha \cot \beta -1}{\cot \alpha +\cot \beta }$\begin{align}L.H.S.&amp;=\cot (\alpha +\beta )\\
&amp;=\dfrac{1}{\tan (\alpha +\beta )}\\
&amp;=\dfrac{1}{\,\dfrac{\tan \alpha +\tan \beta…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-1-p8?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 8, Exercise 10.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-1-p8?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 8, Exercise 10.1

Solutions of Question 8 of Exercise 10.1 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\tan \left( \dfrac{\pi }{4}+\theta  \right)=\dfrac{\cos \theta +\sin \theta }{\cos \theta -\sin \theta }$\begin{align}L.H.S.&amp;=\tan \left( \dfrac{\pi }{4}+\theta  \right)\\ 
&amp;=\dfrac{\sin \left( \dfrac{\pi }{4}+\theta  \ri…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 13, Exercise 10.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-1-p11?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 13, Exercise 10.1

Solutions of Question 13 of Exercise 10.1 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$r\,\,\sin \left( \theta +\phi  \right)$$\theta$$\phi$$4\sin \theta +3\cos \theta .$$4\sin \theta +3\cos \theta$$r\sin(\theta + \varphi)$$$4\sin \theta +3\cos \theta=r\cos\varphi\sin\theta+r\sin\varphi\cos\theta --- (1)$…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Exercise 10.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-2-p1?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Exercise 10.2

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 10.2 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan. There are four parts in Question 1.$\sin 2\theta ,\,\,\cos 2\theta$$\tan 2\theta$$\tan \theta =-\dfrac{1}{5}$$\theta$$\sin \theta =\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{26}}$$\cos \theta =\dfrac{-5}{\sqrt{26}}$\begin{align}\sin 2\theta &amp;=2\sin…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-2-p2?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2, Exercise 10.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-2-p2?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2, Exercise 10.2

Solutions of Question 2 of Exercise 10.2 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\sin \theta =\dfrac{5}{13}$$\theta $$\sin 2\theta $$\sin \theta =\dfrac{5}{13}$$$\cos \theta =\pm \sqrt{1-{{\sin }^{2}}\theta }.$$$\theta$$\cos$\begin{align}\cos\theta &amp;=-\sqrt{1-{{\sin }^{2}}\theta }\\
&amp;=-\sqrt{1-\left(\…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 3, Exercise 10.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-2-p3?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 3, Exercise 10.2

Solutions of Question 3 of Exercise 10.2 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\sin \theta =\dfrac{4}{5}$$\theta$$\sin2\theta$$\sin \theta =\dfrac{4}{5}$$\theta$$\cos \theta =-\dfrac{3}{5}$\begin{align}\sin 2\theta &amp;=2\sin \theta \cos \theta \\
&amp;=2\left( \dfrac{4}{5} \right)\left( -\dfrac{3}{5} \rig…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 4 and 5, Exercise 10.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-2-p4?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 4 and 5, Exercise 10.2

Solutions of Question 4 and 5 of Exercise 10.2 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\cos \theta =-\dfrac{3}{7}$$\theta $$\sin \dfrac{\theta }{2}$$\cos \theta =-\dfrac{3}{7}$$\theta$\begin{align}&amp;\pi &lt; \theta &lt; \dfrac{3\pi}{2} \\
\implies &amp;\frac{\pi}{2} &lt; \frac{\theta}{2} &lt; \dfrac{3\pi}{4}\end…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-2-p5?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 6, Exercise 10.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-2-p5?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 6, Exercise 10.2

Solutions of Question 6 of Exercise 10.2 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\cos {{15}^{\circ }}$${{15}^{\circ }}=\dfrac{{{30}^{\circ }}}{2}$$\dfrac{\theta }{2}=\dfrac{{{30}^{\circ }}}{2}$$\cos {{15}^{\circ }}$\begin{align}\cos {{15}^{\circ }}&amp;=\cos \dfrac{{{30}^{\circ }}}{2}=\sqrt{\dfrac{1+\cos …</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-2-p6?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 7, Exercise 10.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-2-p6?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 7, Exercise 10.2

Solutions of Question 7 of Exercise 10.2 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.${{\cos }^{4}}\theta -{{\sin }^{4}}\theta =\dfrac{1}{\sec 2\theta }$\begin{align}L.H.S&amp;={{\cos }^{4}}\theta -{{\sin }^{4}}\theta \\ 
&amp;=\left( {{\cos }^{2}}\theta -{{\sin }^{2}}\theta  \right)\left( {{\cos }^{2}}\theta +{{\…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-2-p7?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 8 and 9, Exercise 10.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-2-p7?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 8 and 9, Exercise 10.2

Solutions of Question 8 and 9 of Exercise 10.2 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.${{\cos }^{4}}\theta $\begin{align}{{\cos}^{4}}\theta &amp;={{\left( {{\cos }^{2}}\theta  \right)}^{2}}\\
&amp;={{\left( \dfrac{1+\cos 2\theta }{2} \right)}^{2}}\\ 
&amp;=\dfrac{1+2\cos 2\theta +{{\cos }^{2}}2\theta }{4}\\…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-3-p1?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Exercise 10.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-3-p1?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Exercise 10.3

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 10.3 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan. There are four parts in Question 1.$2\sin 6x\sin x$$$-2\sin \alpha \sin \beta =\cos (\alpha +\beta )-\cos (\alpha -\beta ).$$$\alpha =6x$$\beta =x$\begin{align}-\,2\sin 6x\sin x&amp;=\cos (6x+x)-\cos (6x-x)\\
&amp;=\cos 7x-\cos x…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-3-p2?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2, Exercise 10.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-3-p2?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2, Exercise 10.3

Solutions of Question 2 of Exercise 10.3 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$$\sin {{37}^{\circ }}+\sin {{43}^{\circ }}.$$$$\sin \alpha +\sin \beta =2\sin \left( \dfrac{\alpha +\beta }{2} \right)\cos \left( \dfrac{\alpha -\beta }{2} \right).$$$\alpha ={{37}^{\circ }}$$\beta ={{43}^{\circ }}$\begin…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 3, Exercise 10.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-3-p3?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 3, Exercise 10.3

Solutions of Question 3 of Exercise 10.3 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$$\dfrac{\cos {{75}^{\circ }}+\cos {{15}^{\circ }}}{\sin {{75}^{\circ }}-\sin {{15}^{\circ }}}=\sqrt{3}.$$$$\cos \alpha +\cos \beta =2\cos \left( \dfrac{\alpha +\beta }{2} \right)\cos \left( \dfrac{\alpha -\beta }{2} \righ…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5, Exercise 10.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-3-p4?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5, Exercise 10.3

Solutions of Question 5 of Exercise 10.3 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$$\cos {{20}^{\circ }}\cos {{40}^{\circ }}\cos {{60}^{\circ }}\cos {{80}^{\circ }}=\dfrac{1}{16}.$$$2\cos \alpha \cos \beta =\cos \left( \alpha +\beta  \right)+\cos \left( \alpha -\beta  \right)$\begin{align}L.H.S.&amp;=\cos {…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5, Exercise 10.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-3-p5?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5, Exercise 10.3

Solutions of Question 5 of Exercise 10.3 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\cos {{20}^{\circ }}\cos {{40}^{\circ }}\cos {{60}^{\circ }}\cos {{80}^{\circ }}=\dfrac{1}{16}$$2\cos \alpha \cos \beta =\cos \left( \alpha +\beta  \right)+\cos \left( \alpha -\beta  \right)$\begin{align}L.H.S.&amp;=\cos {{20…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Review Exercise 10</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit10/re-ex10-p1?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Review Exercise 10

Solutions of Question 1 of Review Exercise 10 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\cos {{50}^{\circ }}5{0}&#039;\cos {{9}^{\circ }}1{0}&#039;-\sin {{50}^{\circ }}5{0}&#039;\sin {{9}^{\circ }}1{0}&#039;=$$0$$\dfrac{1}{2}$$1$$\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$$\tan {{15}^{\circ }}=2-\sqrt{3}$${{\cot }^{2}}{{75}^{\circ }}$$7+\sq…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 8 &amp; 9, Review Exercise 10</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc-part1-kpk/sol/unit10/re-ex10-p5?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 8 &amp; 9, Review Exercise 10

Solutions of Question 8 &amp; 9 of Review Exercise 10 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\sin \left( \dfrac{\pi }{4}-\theta  \right)\sin \left( \dfrac{\pi }{4}+\theta  \right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\cos 2\theta $$2\sin \alpha \sin \beta =\cos \left( \alpha -\beta  \right)-\cos \left( \alpha +\beta  \r…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Unit 02: Differentiation: Mathematics FSc part 2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_2_solutions/ch02/view?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Unit 02: Differentiation: Mathematics FSc part 2

Notes (Solutions) of Unit 02: Differentiation, Calculus and Analytic Geometry, MATHEMATICS 12 (Mathematics FSc Part 2 or HSSC-II), Punjab Text Book Board Lahore. There are ten exercises in this chapter. Please see the main page of this chapter for MCQs and important question</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Unit 03: Differentiation: Mathematics FSc part 2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_2_solutions/ch03/view?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Unit 03: Differentiation: Mathematics FSc part 2

Notes (Solutions) of Unit 03: Integration, Calculus and Analytic Geometry, MATHEMATICS 12 (Mathematics FSc Part 2 or HSSC-II), Punjab Text Book Board Lahore. There are eight exercises in this chapter. Please see the main page of this chapter for MCQs and important question</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>View Online (Solutions of Unit 03)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_2_solutions/ch03/viewer?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>View Online (Solutions of Unit 03)

Notes (Solutions) of Unit 03: Integration, Calculus and Analytic Geometry, MATHEMATICS 12 (Mathematics FSc Part 2 or HSSC-II), Punjab Text Book Board Lahore. In this chapter, integration is defined and basic techniques of integration are given.</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_2_solutions/ch04/view?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Unit 04: Introduction to Analytic Geometry: Mathematics FSc part 2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_2_solutions/ch04/view?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Unit 04: Introduction to Analytic Geometry: Mathematics FSc part 2

Notes (Solutions) of Unit 04: Introduction to Analytic Geometry, Calculus and Analytic Geometry, MATHEMATICS 12 (Mathematics FSc Part 2 or HSSC-II), Punjab Text Book Board Lahore. There are five exercises in this chapter. Please see the main page of this chapter for MCQs and important question</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>View Online (Solutions of Unit 04)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_2_solutions/ch04/viewer?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>View Online (Solutions of Unit 04)

Notes (Solutions) of Unit 04: Introduction to Analytic Geometry, Calculus and Analytic Geometry, MATHEMATICS 12 (Mathematics FSc Part 2 or HSSC-II), Punjab Text Book Board Lahore. This chapter have only five exercises but it covers lot of topics of analytic geometry in the plane.</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Unit 05: Linear Inequalities and Linear Programming: Mathematics FSc part 2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_2_solutions/ch05/view?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Unit 05: Linear Inequalities and Linear Programming: Mathematics FSc part 2

Notes (Solutions) of Unit 05: Linear Inequalities and Linear Programming, Calculus and Analytic Geometry, MATHEMATICS 12 (Mathematics FSc Part 2 or HSSC-II), Punjab Text Book Board Lahore. There are three exercises in this chapter. Please see the main page of this chapter for MCQs and important question</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Unit 06: Conic Section: Mathematics FSc part 2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_2_solutions/ch06/view?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Unit 06: Conic Section: Mathematics FSc part 2

Notes (Solutions) of Unit 06: Conic Section, Calculus and Analytic Geometry, MATHEMATICS 12 (Mathematics FSc Part 2 or HSSC-II), Punjab Text Book Board Lahore. There are nine exercises in this chapter. Please see the main page of this chapter for MCQs and important question</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>View Online (Solutions of Unit 06)</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_2_solutions/ch06/viewer?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>View Online (Solutions of Unit 06)

Notes (Solutions) of Unit 06: Conic Section, Calculus and Analytic Geometry, MATHEMATICS 12 (Mathematics FSc Part 2 or HSSC-II), Punjab Text Book Board Lahore. From this page, you can also download PDF of the notes.</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_2_solutions/ch07/view?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:56+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Unit 07: Vectors: Mathematics FSc part 2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_2_solutions/ch07/view?rev=1737476036&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Unit 07: Vectors: Mathematics FSc part 2

Notes (Solutions) of Unit 07: Vectors, Calculus and Analytic Geometry, MATHEMATICS 12 (Mathematics FSc Part 2 or HSSC-II), Punjab Text Book Board Lahore. There are three exercises in this chapter. Please see the main page of this chapter for MCQs and important question</description>
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        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Exercise 1.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-1-p1?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Exercise 1.1

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 1.1 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 1(i)
${{i}^{9}}+{{i}^{19}}$\begin{align}{{i}^{9}}+{{i}^{19}}&amp;=i\cdot{{i}^{8}}+i\cdot{{i}^{18}}\\
&amp;=i\cdot{{\left( {{i}^{2}} \right)}^{4}}+i\cdot{{\left( {{i}^{2}} \right)}^{9}}\\
&amp;=i\cdot{{\left( -1 \right)}^{4}}+i\cdot{{\left( -1 \right)}^{9}}\\
&amp;=i\cdo…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2 &amp; 3, Exercise 1.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-1-p2?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2 &amp; 3, Exercise 1.1

Solutions of Question 2 &amp; 3 of Exercise 1.1 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 2
${{i}^{107}}+{{i}^{112}}+{{i}^{122}}+{{i}^{153}}=0$\begin{align}L.H.S.&amp;={{i}^{107}}+{{i}^{112}}+{{i}^{122}}+{{i}^{153}}\\
&amp;=i\cdot i^{106}+i^{112}+i^{122}+i\cdot i^{152}\\
&amp;=i.{{\left( {{i}^{2}} \right)}^{53}}+{{\left( {{i}^{2}} \right)}^{56}}+…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 4, Exercise 1.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-1-p3?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 4, Exercise 1.1

Solutions of Question 4 of Exercise 1.1 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 4(i)
$\left( a,0 \right)\left( 2,-b \right)$\begin{align}&amp;\left( a,0 \right)-\left( 2,-b \right)\\
&amp;=\left( a+0i \right)-\left( 2-bi \right)\\
&amp;=\left( a-2 \right)+\left( 0+b \right)i\\
&amp;=\left( a-2 \right)+bi\end{align}$\left( -3,\dfrac{1}{2} \right)\le…</description>
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        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5, Exercise 1.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-1-p4?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5, Exercise 1.1

Solutions of Question 5 of Exercise 1.1 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 5(i)
$8i+11,-7+5i$\begin{align}&amp;(8i+11)\times (-7+5i)\\
&amp;=\left( 11+8i \right)\times \left( -7+5i \right)\\
&amp;=\left( -77+40{{i}^{2}} \right)+\left( 55-56 \right)i\\
&amp;=\left( -77+40\left( -1 \right) \right)+\left( 55-56 \right)i\\
&amp;=\left( -77-40 \right)+…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 6, Exercise 1.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-1-p5?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 6, Exercise 1.1

Solutions of Question 6 of Exercise 1.1 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 6(i)
$\dfrac{4+i}{3+5i}$$a+ib$\begin{align}\dfrac{4+i}{3+5i}&amp;=\dfrac{4+i}{3+5i}\times \dfrac{3-5i}{3-5i}\\
&amp;=\dfrac{\left( 12+5 \right)+\left( 3-20 \right)i}{9-25{{i}^{2}}}\\
&amp;=\dfrac{17-17i}{9+25}\\
&amp;=\dfrac{17}{34}-\dfrac{17}{34}i\\
&amp;=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfr…</description>
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        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 7, Exercise 1.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-1-p6?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 7, Exercise 1.1

Solutions of Question 7 of Exercise 1.1 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 7(i)
${{z}_{1}}=1+2i$${{z}_{2}}=2+3i$$|{{z}_{1}}+{{z}_{2}}|$$z_1=1+2i$$z_2=2+3i$\begin{align}
{{z}_{1}}+{{z}_{2}}&amp;=1+2i+2+3i\\
&amp;=1+2+2i+3i\\
&amp;=3+5i
\end{align}\begin{align}
|z_1+z_2|&amp;=\sqrt{3^2+5^2}\\
&amp;=\sqrt{9+25}\\ 
&amp;=\sqrt{34}\end{align}${{z}_{1}}=1+2…</description>
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        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 8, Exercise 1.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-1-p7?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 8, Exercise 1.1

Solutions of Question 8 of Exercise 1.1 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 8(i)
$\dfrac{1-2i}{2+i}+\dfrac{4-i}{3+2i}$$a+ib.$\begin{align}&amp;\dfrac{1-2i}{2+i}+\dfrac{4-i}{3+2i}\\
&amp;=\dfrac{\left( 3+2i \right)\left( 1-2i \right)+\left( 2+i \right)\left( 4-i \right)}{\left( 2+i \right)\left( 3+2i \right)}\\
&amp;=\dfrac{\left( 3+4+2i-6i …</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-1-p9?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 11, Exercise 1.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-1-p9?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 11, Exercise 1.1

Solutions of Question 11 of Exercise 1.1 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 11(i)
${{z}_{1}}=2-i$${{z}_{2}}=-2+i$${\rm Re}\left( \dfrac{{{z}_{1}}{{z}_{2}}}{\overline{{{z}_{1}}}} \right)$$z_1=2-i$$z_2=-2+i$$\overline{z_1}=2+i$\begin{align}
z_1 z_2&amp;=(2-i)(-2+i)\\ 
&amp;=-4+1+2i+2i\\
&amp;=-3+4i
\end{align}\begin{align}
\dfrac{z_1 z_2}{\…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p3?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 3 &amp; 4, Exercise 1.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p3?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 3 &amp; 4, Exercise 1.2

Solutions of Question 3 &amp; 4 of Exercise 1.2 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 3
${{z}_{1}}=\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}i$${{z}_{2}}=\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}i$${{z}_{3}}=2+3i$${{z}_{1}}=\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}i$${{z}_{2}}=\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}i$${{z}_{3}}=2+3i$\begin{align}{{z}_{1}}\left( {{z}_{2}}+{{z}_{3}} \right)&amp;={{z}_{1}}{{z}_{2}}+{{z}_{1}}{{z}_{…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p4?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5, Exercise 1.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p4?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5, Exercise 1.2

Solutions of Question 5 of Exercise 1.2 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 5(i)
${{z}_{1}}=2+4i$${{z}_{2}}=1-3i$$\overline{{{z}_{1}}+{{z}_{2}}}=\overline{{{z}_{1}}}+\overline{{{z}_{2}}}$${{z}_{1}}=2+4i$${{z}_{2}}=1-3i$$\overline{{{z}_{1}}}=2-4i$$\overline{{{z}_{2}}}=1+3i$\begin{align}z_1+z_2&amp;=2+4i+1-3i\\
&amp;=3+i \end{align}\begin…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p5?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 6, Exercise 1.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p5?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 6, Exercise 1.2

Solutions of Question 6 of Exercise 1.2 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 6(i)
${{z}_{1}}$${{z}_{2}}$$|{{z}_{1}}{{z}_{2}}|=|{{z}_{1}}||{{z}_{2}}|$${{z}_{1}}=a+bi$${{z}_{2}}=c+di$$|z_1=\sqrt{a^2+b^2}|$$|z_2=\sqrt{c^2+d^2}|$\begin{align}
L.H.S.&amp;=|{{z}_{1}}{{z}_{2}}|\\
&amp;=|(a+bi)(c+di)|\\ 
&amp;=|ac-bd+(ad+bc)i|\\
&amp;=\sqrt{{{(ac-bd)}^{…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p6?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 7, Exercise 1.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p6?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 7, Exercise 1.2

Solutions of Question 7 of Exercise 1.2 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 7(i)
$\dfrac{2+3i}{5-2i}$\begin{align}&amp;\dfrac{2+3i}{5-2i} \\
=&amp;\dfrac{2+3i}{5-2i}\times \dfrac{5+2i}{5+2i} \quad \text{by rationalizing} \\
=&amp;\dfrac{10-6+15i+4i}{25+4}\\
=&amp;\dfrac{4+19i}{29}\\
=&amp;\dfrac{4}{29}+\dfrac{19}{29}i \end{align}$=\dfrac{4}{29}$$=\…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p7?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 8, Exercise 1.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p7?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 8, Exercise 1.2

Solutions of Question 8 of Exercise 1.2 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 8(i)
$z+\overline{z}=2\operatorname{Re}\left( z \right)$$z=a+ib$$\overline{z}=a-ib$\begin{align}z+\overline{z}&amp;=\left( a+ib \right)+\left( a-ib \right)\\
&amp;=a+ib+a-ib\\
&amp;=2a\\
z+\overline{z}&amp;=2\operatorname{Re}\left( z \right)\end{align}$z-\overline{z}=2i…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p8?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 9, Exercise 1.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p8?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 9, Exercise 1.2

Solutions of Question 9 of Exercise 1.2 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 9(i)
$z=3+2i,$$-|z|\leq \operatorname{Re}\left( z \right)\leq |z|$$z=3+2i$$|z|=\sqrt{9+4}=\sqrt{13}$${\rm Re}z=3=\sqrt{9}$\begin{align} &amp;-\sqrt{13} \leq \sqrt{9} \leq \sqrt{13}\\
\implies &amp;-|z|\leq \operatorname{Re}\left( z \right)\leq |z|\end{align}$z=3…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-3-p2?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2, Exercise 1.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-3-p2?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2, Exercise 1.3

Solutions of Question 2 of Exercise 1.3 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 2(i)
$P(z)$$$P\left( z \right)={{z}^{3}}+6z+20$$$$p\left( z \right)={{z}^{3}}+6z+20$$$(z-a)$$P(z)$$P(a)=0$$z=-2$\begin{align}
P(-2)&amp;=(-2)^3+6(-2)+20\\
&amp;=-8-12+20\\
&amp;=0\end{align}$z+2$${{z}^{3}}+6z+20$$$\begin{array}{c|cccc}
-2 &amp; 1 &amp; 0 &amp; 6 &amp; 20 \\  
 &amp; \d…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-3-p4?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5, Exercise 1.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-3-p4?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5, Exercise 1.3

Solutions of Question 5 of Exercise 1.3 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 5(i)
${{z}^{2}}+z+3=0$$${{z}^{2}}+z+3=0.$$$a=1$$b=1$$c=3$\begin{align}z&amp;=\dfrac{-b\pm \sqrt{{{b}^{2}}-4ac}}{2a}\\ 
&amp;=\dfrac{-1\pm \sqrt{{{\left( 1 \right)}^{2}}-4\left( 1 \right)\left( 3 \right)}}{2\left( 1 \right)}\\
&amp;=\dfrac{-1\pm \sqrt{1-12}}{2}\\
&amp;=\…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-3-p5?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 6, Exercise 1.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/ex1-3-p5?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 6, Exercise 1.3

Solutions of Question 6 of Exercise 1.3 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 6(i)
${{z}^{4}}+{{z}^{2}}+1=0$$$z^4+z^2+1=0$$$$z^4+2z^2+1-z^2=0$$$$( z^2+1 )^2-z^2=0$$$$( z^2+1+z)( z^2+1-z )=0$$$$( z^2+z+1 )( z^2-z+1 )=0$$$$(z^2+z+1 )=0$$$$z=\dfrac{-1\pm \sqrt{1-4}}{2}$$$$z=\dfrac{-1\pm \sqrt{3}i}{2}$$$$(z^2-z+1 )=0$$$$z=\dfrac{1\pm …</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/review-ex-1-p1?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Review Exercise 1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/review-ex-1-p1?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Review Exercise 1

Solutions of Question 1 of Review Exercise 1 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 1
${{\left( \dfrac{2i}{1+i} \right)}^{2}}$$i$$2i$$1-i$$i+1$$\dfrac{5+2i}{4-3i}$$-\dfrac{7}{25}+\dfrac{26}{25}i$$\dfrac{5}{4}-\dfrac{2}{3}i$$\dfrac{14}{25}+\dfrac{23}{25}i$$\dfrac{26}{7}+\dfrac{23}{7}i$${{i}^{57}}+\frac{1}{{{i}^{25}}}$$0$$2i$$-2…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/review-ex-1-p2?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2 &amp; 3, Review Exercise 1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit01/review-ex-1-p2?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2 &amp; 3, Review Exercise 1

Solutions of Question 2 &amp; 3 of Review Exercise 1 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.${{i}^{n}}+{{i}^{n+1}}+{{i}^{n+2}}+{{i}^{n+3}}=0$$\forall n\in N$\begin{align}{{i}^{n}}+{{i}^{n+1}}+{{i}^{n+2}}+{{i}^{n+3}}&amp;=0\\
L.H.S.&amp;={{i}^{n}}+{{i}^{n}}\cdot i+{{i}^{n}}\cdot {{i}^{2}}+{{i}^{n}}\cdot {{i}^{3}}\\
&amp;={{i}^{n}}\left( 1+i+{{i}^{2}}…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-1-p1?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Exercise 2.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-1-p1?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Exercise 2.1

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 2.1 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 1(i)
$$\left[ \begin{matrix}
1 &amp; 2 &amp; 4  \\
\end{matrix} \right]
\left[ \begin{matrix}
1 &amp; 0 &amp; 2  \\
2 &amp; 0 &amp; 1  \\
0 &amp; 1 &amp; 2  \\
\end{matrix} \right]
\left[ \begin{matrix}
2  \\
4  \\
6  \\
\end{matrix} \right]$$\begin{align}&amp;\left[ \begin{matri…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-1-p5?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5 &amp; 6, Exercise 2.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-1-p5?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5 &amp; 6, Exercise 2.1

Solutions of Question 5 &amp; 6 of Exercise 2.1 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$A= \begin{bmatrix} 0 &amp; 2b &amp; -2  \\ 3 &amp; 1 &amp; 3  \\ 3a &amp; 3 &amp; -1 \end{bmatrix}$$a$$b$$A=\begin{bmatrix} 0 &amp; 2b &amp; -2  \\ 3 &amp; 1 &amp; 3  \\ 3a &amp; 3 &amp; -1 \end{bmatrix}$$$A^t=\left[ \begin{matrix}
   0 &amp; 3 &amp; 3a  \\
   2b &amp; 1 &amp; 3  \\
   -2 &amp; 3 &amp; -1  \\
\end{ma…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-1-p7?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 8, Exercise 2.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-1-p7?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 8, Exercise 2.1

Solutions of Question 8 of Exercise 2.1 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 8(i)
$A=\begin{bmatrix}1 &amp; 2 &amp; 0  \\3 &amp; -1 &amp; 4 \end{bmatrix}$$( A^t )^t=A$$$A=\left[ \begin{matrix}
   1 &amp; 2 &amp; 0  \\
   3 &amp; -1 &amp; 4  \\
\end{matrix}  \right]$$$$A^t=\left[  \begin{matrix}
   1 &amp; 3  \\
   2 &amp; -1  \\
   0 &amp; 4  \\
\end{matrix} \rig…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-1-p8?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 9, Exercise 2.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-1-p8?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 9, Exercise 2.1

Solutions of Question 9 of Exercise 2.1 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 9(i)
$A=\begin{bmatrix}2 &amp; -1 &amp; 3  \\1 &amp; \quad 0 &amp; 1 \end{bmatrix},$$B=\begin{bmatrix}1 &amp; 2  \\2 &amp; 2  \\ 3 &amp; 0 \end{bmatrix}$$( AB )^t=B^tA^t$$$A=\left[  \begin{matrix}
   2 &amp; -1 &amp; 3  \\
   1 &amp; \quad 0 &amp; 1  \\
\end{matrix}  \right],$$$$B=\left[…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-1-p11?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 12, Exercise 2.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-1-p11?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 12, Exercise 2.1

Solutions of Question 12 of Exercise 2.1 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 12(i)
$A=\begin{bmatrix}3 &amp; 2 &amp; 1  \\4 &amp; 5 &amp; 6  \\-2 &amp; 3 &amp; 4\end{bmatrix}$$A+A^t$$$A=\left[ \begin{matrix}
   3 &amp; 2 &amp; 1  \\
   4 &amp; 5 &amp; 6  \\
   -2 &amp; 3 &amp; 4  \\
\end{matrix} \right]$$$$A^t=\left[ \begin{matrix}
   3 &amp; 4 &amp; -2  \\
   2 &amp; 5 &amp; 3  \…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-1-p12?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 13, Exercise 2.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-1-p12?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 13, Exercise 2.1

Solutions of Question 13 of Exercise 2.1 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 13(i)
$A$$3$$A+A^t$$$A=\left[ \begin{matrix}
   a_{11} &amp; a_{12} &amp; a_{13}  \\
   a_{21} &amp; a_{22} &amp; a_{23}  \\
   a_{31} &amp; a_{32} &amp; a_{33}  \\
\end{matrix} \right]$$$$A^t=\left[ \begin{matrix}
   a_{11} &amp; a_{21} &amp; a_{31}  \\
   a_{12} &amp; a_{22} …</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-2-p2?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2, Exercise 2.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-2-p2?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2, Exercise 2.2

Solutions of Question 2 of Exercise 2.2 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 2(i)
$$\left| \begin{matrix}
   1 &amp; 2 &amp; 0  \\
   3 &amp; 1 &amp; 0  \\
   -1 &amp; 2 &amp; 0  \\
\end{matrix} \right|=0$$$\left| \begin{matrix}1 &amp; 2 &amp; 3  \\-8 &amp; 4 &amp; -12  \\2 &amp; -1 &amp; 3 \end{matrix} \right|=0$$$\left| \begin{matrix}
   1 &amp; 2 &amp; 3  \\
   -8 &amp; 4 &amp; -…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-2-p4?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 4, Exercise 2.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-2-p4?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 4, Exercise 2.2

Solutions of Question 4 of Exercise 2.2 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 4(i)
$\left| \begin{matrix}0 &amp; 1 &amp; 3  \\-1 &amp; 2 &amp; 1  \\2 &amp; 1 &amp; 1 \end{matrix} \right|.$\begin{align}&amp;\left| \begin{matrix}
   0 &amp; 1 &amp; 3  \\
   -1 &amp; 2 &amp; 1  \\
   2 &amp; 1 &amp; 1  \\
\end{matrix} \right| \\
=&amp;0\left( 2-1 \right)-1\left( -1-2 \right)+3\l…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-2-p5?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5, Exercise 2.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-2-p5?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5, Exercise 2.2

Solutions of Question 5 of Exercise 2.2 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 5(i)
$\begin{vmatrix}a &amp; b &amp; c\\l &amp; m &amp; n\\x &amp; y &amp; z \end{vmatrix}=\begin{vmatrix}a &amp; l &amp; x\\b &amp; m &amp; y\\c &amp; n &amp; z \end{vmatrix}$\begin{align}L.H.S.&amp;=\begin{vmatrix}
a &amp; b &amp; c  \\
l &amp; m &amp; n  \\
x &amp; y &amp; z
\end{vmatrix}\\
&amp;=\begin{vmatrix}
a &amp; b &amp;…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-2-p6?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 6, Exercise 2.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-2-p6?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 6, Exercise 2.2

Solutions of Question 6 of Exercise 2.2 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Questiopn 6(i)
$\left| \begin{matrix}a-b &amp; b-c &amp; c-a  \\b-c &amp; c-a &amp; a-b  \\c-a &amp; a-b &amp; b-c  \end{matrix} \right|=0$\begin{align} L.H.S&amp;=\left| \begin{matrix}
a-b &amp; b-c &amp; c-a  \\
b-c &amp; c-a &amp; a-b  \\
c-a &amp; a-b &amp; b-c  \\
\end{matrix} \right| \\ 
&amp;=\left| \…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-2-p7?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 7, Exercise 2.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-2-p7?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 7, Exercise 2.2

Solutions of Question 7 of Exercise 2.2 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 7(i)
$\left| \begin{matrix}3860 &amp; 3861  \\3862 &amp; 3863 \end{matrix} \right|$$$\left| \begin{matrix}
   3860 &amp; 3861  \\
   3862 &amp; 3863  \\
\end{matrix} \right|=14911180-14911182$$$$=-2$$$\left| \begin{matrix}81 &amp; 82 &amp; 83  \\84 &amp; 85 &amp; 86  \\87 &amp; 8…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-2-p9?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 11, Exercise 2.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-2-p9?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 11, Exercise 2.2

Solutions of Question 11 of Exercise 2.2 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 11(i)
$\left[ \begin{matrix}7 &amp; 1 &amp; 3  \\6 &amp; 2 &amp; -2  \\5 &amp; 1 &amp; 1\end{matrix} \right]$$$A=\left[ \begin{matrix}
   7 &amp; 1 &amp; 3  \\
   6 &amp; 2 &amp; -2  \\
   5 &amp; 1 &amp; 1  \\
\end{matrix} \right]$$$$|A|=7(2+2)-1(6+10)+3(6-10)$$$$=28-16-12$$$$|A|=0$$$A$$\…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-2-p11?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 13, Exercise 2.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-2-p11?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 13, Exercise 2.2

Solutions of Question 13 of Exercise 2.2 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 13(i)
$x,$$\left| \begin{matrix}x &amp; 2 &amp; 3  \\0 &amp; -1 &amp; 1  \\0 &amp; 4 &amp; 5 \end{matrix} \right|=9$$$\left| \begin{matrix}
   x &amp; 2 &amp; 3  \\
   0 &amp; -1 &amp; 1  \\
   0 &amp; 4 &amp; 5  \\
\end{matrix} \right|=9$$$$x(-5-4)-2(0)+3(0)=9$$$$-9x=9$$$$x=-1$$$x,$$\left…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-2-p14?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 18, Exercise 2.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-2-p14?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 18, Exercise 2.2

Solutions of Question 18 of Exercise 2.2 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 18(i)
$A$$B$$( A^{-1})^{-1}=A$$A$$2\times 2$$$A=\left[ \begin{matrix}
   a_{11} &amp; a_{12}  \\
   a_{21} &amp; a_{22}  \\
\end{matrix} \right]$$$$|A|=a_{11}a_{22}-a_{12}a_{21}$$$$AdjA=\left[ \begin{matrix}
   a_{22} &amp; -a_{12}  \\
   -a_{21} &amp; a_{11…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-3-p1?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Exercise 2.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-3-p1?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Exercise 2.3

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 2.3 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 1(i)
$\begin{bmatrix}1 &amp; 3 &amp; -1  \\2 &amp; 1 &amp; 4  \\3 &amp; 4 &amp; -5\end{bmatrix}$\begin{align}&amp;\begin{bmatrix}
1 &amp; 3 &amp; -1  \\
2 &amp; 1 &amp; 4  \\
3 &amp; 4 &amp; -5 \end{bmatrix}\\
\underset{\sim}{R}&amp;\begin{bmatrix}
1 &amp; 3 &amp; -1  \\
0 &amp; -5 &amp; 6  \\
0 &amp; -5 &amp; -2 \end{bmat…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-3-p2?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2, Exercise 2.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-3-p2?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2, Exercise 2.3

Solutions of Question 2 of Exercise 2.3 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 2(i)
$$\begin{bmatrix}4 &amp; -2 &amp; 5 \\ 2 &amp; 1 &amp; 0  \\ -1 &amp; 2 &amp; 3  \end{bmatrix}$$$$A=\begin{bmatrix}
4 &amp; -2 &amp; 5  \\
2 &amp; 1 &amp; 0  \\
-1 &amp; 2 &amp; 3 \end{bmatrix}.$$\begin{align}|A|&amp;=\begin{vmatrix}4 &amp; -2 &amp; 5  \\ 2 &amp; 1 &amp; 0  \\ -1 &amp; 2 &amp; 3 \end{vmatrix}\\
&amp;=…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-3-p3?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 3, Exercise 2.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit02/ex2-3-p3?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 3, Exercise 2.3

Solutions of Question 3 of Exercise 2.3 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 3(i)
$$\left[ \begin{matrix}
   1 &amp; 0 &amp; -2  \\
   2 &amp; 2 &amp; 1  \\
   -1 &amp; 2 &amp; 3  \\
\end{matrix} \right]$$\begin{align}&amp;\begin{bmatrix}
1 &amp; 0 &amp; -2  \\
2 &amp; 2 &amp; 1  \\
-1 &amp; 2 &amp; 3 \end{bmatrix}\\
\underset{\sim}{R}&amp; \begin{bmatrix}
1 &amp; 0 &amp; -2  \\
0 &amp;…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-2-p2?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2, Exercise 3.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-2-p2?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2, Exercise 3.2

Solutions of Question 2 of Exercise 3.2 of Unit 03: Vectors. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 2(i)

Find unit vector having the same direction as the vector $3\hat{i}.$$$\overset{\scriptscriptstyle\rightharpoonup}{a}=3\hat{i}$$$$|\overset{\scriptscriptstyle\rightharpoonup}{a}|=\sqrt{{{(3)}^{2}}}=3$$$$\hat{a}=\dfrac{{\overset{\scriptscriptstyle\rightharpo…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-2-p5?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 7, Exercise 3.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-2-p5?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 7, Exercise 3.2

Solutions of Question 7 of Exercise 3.2 of Unit 03: Vectors. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 7(i)

Find the components and the magnitude of $\overrightarrow{PQ}$$P(-1,2)$$Q(2,-1)$\begin{align}\overrightarrow{PQ}&amp;=\overrightarrow{OQ}-\overrightarrow{OP}\\ 
&amp;=(2\hat{i}-\hat{j})-(-\hat{i}+2\hat{j})\\ 
&amp;=3\hat{i}-3\hat{j}\end{align}\begin{align}|\overrighta…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-2-p6?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 7, Exercise 3.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-2-p6?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 7, Exercise 3.2

Solutions of Question 7 of Exercise 3.2 of Unit 03: Vectors. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 7(i)

Find the components and the magnitude of $\overrightarrow{PQ}$$P(-1,2)$$Q(2,-1)$\begin{align}\overrightarrow{PQ}&amp;=\overrightarrow{OQ}-\overrightarrow{OP}\\ 
&amp;=(2\hat{i}-\hat{j})-(-\hat{i}+2\hat{j})\\ 
&amp;=3\hat{i}-3\hat{j}\end{align}\begin{align}|\overrighta…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-2-p8?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 11, Exercise 3.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-2-p8?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 11, Exercise 3.2

Solutions of Question 11 of Exercise 3.2 of Unit 03: Vectors. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 11(i)

Find the position vectors of the point of division of the line segments joining point $C$$5\hat{j}$$D$$4\hat{i}+\hat{j}$$2:5$$C$$\overrightarrow{OC}=5\hat{j}$$D$$\overrightarrow{OD}=4\hat{i}+\hat{j}$$H$$\overline{CD}$$2:5$$H$\begin{align}\overrightarrow…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-3-p1?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Exercise 3.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-3-p1?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Exercise 3.3

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 3.3 of Unit 03: Vectors. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 1(i)

If $\vec{a}=3 \hat{i}+4 \hat{j}-\hat{k}$, $\vec{b}=\hat{i}-\hat{j}+3 \hat{k}$ and $\vec{c}=2\hat{i}+\hat{j}-5 \hat{k}$$\vec{a}\cdot \vec{b}$\begin{align}\vec{a} \cdot \vec{b}&amp;=(3 \hat{i}+4 \hat{j}-\hat{k}) \cdot(\hat{i}-\hat{j}+3 \hat{k})\\
\Rightarrow &amp;=(…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-3-p2?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2 and 3 Exercise 3.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-3-p2?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2 and 3 Exercise 3.3

Solutions of Question 2 and 3 of Exercise 3.3 of Unit 03: Vectors. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 2
$$\vec{a}=2 \hat{i} + 2 \hat{j}-5 \hat{k}, \quad \vec{b}=2 \hat{i}+\hat{j}-7 \hat{k}$$\begin{align}\vec{a}+\vec{b}&amp;=(2 \hat{i}+2 \hat{j}-5 \hat{k})+(2 \hat{i}+\hat{j}-7 \hat{k}) \\
\Rightarrow &amp;=4 \hat{i}+3 \hat{j}-12 \hat{k}\\
\Rightarrow|\vec{a}+\…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-3-p4?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 6 Exercise 3.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-3-p4?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 6 Exercise 3.3

Solutions of Question 6 of Exercise 3.3 of Unit 03: Vectors. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 6(i)

Let $\vec{a}=\hat{i}+3 \hat{j}-4 \hat{k}$ and $\vec{b}=2 \hat{i}-3 \hat{j}-5 \hat{k}$$m$$\vec{a}+m \vec{b}$$\vec{a}$\begin{align}
\vec{a}+m \vec{b}&amp; =\hat{i}+3 \hat{j}-4 \hat{k}+m(2 \hat{i}-3 \hat{j}+5 \hat{k}) \\
&amp; =(1+2 m) \hat{i}+(3-3 m) \hat{j}+(5 m-4) …</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-3-p5?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 7 &amp; 8 Exercise 3.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-3-p5?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 7 &amp; 8 Exercise 3.3

Solutions of Question 7 &amp; 8 of Exercise 3.3 of Unit 03: Vectors. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 7(i)
$\vec{a}$$\vec{b}$$\vec{a}=-\dfrac{3}{2} \hat{j}+\dfrac{4}{5} \hat{k} \cdot \vec{b}=\hat{i}-2 \hat{j}-2 \hat{k}$$\vec{a}$$\vec{b}$$\vec{b}$$\vec{a}$$\vec{a}=-\dfrac{3}{2} \hat{j}+\dfrac{4}{5} \hat{k}\quad$$\vec{b}=\hat{i}-2 \hat{j}-2 \hat{k}$\begin{a…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-3-p7?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 11, Exercise 3.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-3-p7?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 11, Exercise 3.3

Solutions of Question 11 of Exercise 3.3 of Unit 03: Vectors. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 11 (i)

Show that the vectors $3 \hat{i}-2 \hat{j}+$$\hat{k} . \quad \hat{i}-3 \hat{j}-5 \hat{k}$$2 \hat{i}+\hat{j}-4 \hat{k}$$\vec{a}=3 \hat{i}-2 \hat{j}+\hat{k}$$\vec{b}=\hat{i}-3 \hat{j}+5 \hat{k}$$\vec{c}=2 \hat{i}+\hat{j}-4 \hat{k}$\begin{align}|\vec{a}|&amp;…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-4-p1?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1 Exercise 3.4</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-4-p1?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1 Exercise 3.4

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 3.4 of Unit 03: Vectors. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 1(i)

Find the cross product $\hat{j} \times(2 \hat{j}+3 \hat{k})$\begin{align}\vec{a}=\hat{j}&amp;=0 \hat{i}+\hat{j}+0 \hat{k}\\
\vec{b}&amp;=0 \hat{i}+2 \hat{j}-3 \hat{k}\\
 \vec{a} \times \vec{b}&amp;=\hat{j} \times(2 \hat{j}+3 \hat{k})\\
&amp;=\left|\begin{array}{lll}\hat{i}…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-4-p2?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2 Exercise 3.4</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-4-p2?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2 Exercise 3.4

Solutions of Question 2 of Exercise 3.4 of Unit 03: Vectors. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 2(i)

Show in two different ways that the vectors $\vec{a}$$\vec{b}$$\vec{a}=-\hat{i}+2 \hat{j}-3 \hat{k}, \quad \vec{b}=2 \hat{i}-4 \hat{j}+$$6 \hat{k}$\begin{align}\vec{a} \times \vec{b}&amp;=\left|\begin{array}{ccc}
\hat{i} &amp; \hat{j} &amp; \hat{k} \\
-1 &amp; 2 &amp; -3 \\
2 …</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-4-p3?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 3 Exercise 3.4</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-4-p3?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 3 Exercise 3.4

Solutions of Question 3 of Exercise 3.4 of Unit 03: Vectors. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 3(i)

Find a unit vector that is orthogonal to
the given vector $\vec{a}=\hat{i}- 2 \hat{j}+3 \hat{k}, \quad \vec{b}=2 \hat{i}+\hat{j}-\hat{k}$$\hat{n}$$\vec{a}$$\vec{b}$\begin{align}\hat{n}&amp;=\dfrac{\vec{a} \times \vec{b}}{\mid \vec{a} \times \vec{b}} \\
\text { …</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-4-p4?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 4 Exercise 3.4</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-4-p4?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 4 Exercise 3.4

Solutions of Question 4 of Exercise 3.4 of Unit 03: Vectors. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 4(i)

If $\vec{a}=3 \hat{i}-6 \hat{j}+5 \hat{k},\quad\vec{b}=2\hat{i}-\hat{j}+4 \hat{k} \quad$ and $\quad \vec{c}=\hat{i}+\hat{j} \quad \hat{k},\quad$$\vec{a} \times \vec{b}$\begin{align}\vec{a} \times \vec{b}&amp;=\left|\begin{array}{ccc}
\hat{i} &amp; \hat{j} &amp; \hat{k}…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-4-p5?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5 Exercise 3.4</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-4-p5?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5 Exercise 3.4

Solutions of Question 5 of Exercise 3.4 of Unit 03: Vectors. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 5(i)

Use the vector product to compute the area of the triangle with the given vertices $P(-2,-3), \quad Q(3,2)\quad$$\quad R(-1,-8)$$P Q$$\bar{P} R$\begin{align}\text{Area of triangle}&amp;=\dfrac{1}{2}|\overrightarrow{P Q} \times \overrightarrow{P R}| \\
\text { S…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-4-p6?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 6 Exercise 3.4</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-4-p6?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 6 Exercise 3.4

Solutions of Question 6 of Exercise 3.4 of Unit 03: Vectors. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 6(i)

A force $\vec{F}=3 \hat{i}-2 \hat{j}+5 \hat{k}$$(1,-2,2)$$\vec{r}$$P(1,-2.2)$$O(0,0,0)$\begin{align}\vec{r}&amp;=\overrightarrow{O P}\\
&amp;=(1,-2,2)-(0,0,0) \\
\Rightarrow \vec{r}&amp;=(1,-2,2).\\
\text { Hence } \vec{M}-\vec{r} \times \vec{F}&amp;=\left|\begin{array}{cc…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-4-p7?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:57+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 7 &amp; 8 Exercise 3.4</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-4-p7?rev=1737476037&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 7 &amp; 8 Exercise 3.4

Solutions of Question 7 &amp; 8 of Exercise 3.4 of Unit 03: Vectors. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 7

If $\vec{A}+\vec{B}+\vec{C}=\vec{O}$$$\vec{A} \times \vec{B}=\vec{B} \times \vec{C}=\vec{C} \times \vec{A}.$$$$\vec{A}+\vec{B}+\vec{C}=\vec{O} \text {. }$$$\vec{A}$$$\vec{A} \times(\vec{A}+\vec{B}+\vec{C})=0$$\begin{align}\Rightarrow \vec{A} \times \ve…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-4-p8?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 9 Exercise 3.4</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-4-p8?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 9 Exercise 3.4

Solutions of Question 9 of Exercise 3.4 of Unit 03: Vectors. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 9(i)

Find the area of parallelogram whose diagonals are $\vec{a}=4 \hat{i}+\hat{j}-2 \hat{k}\quad$$\quad\vec{b}=-2 \hat{i}+3 \hat{j}+4 \hat{k}$$\vec{c}$$\vec{d}$$E$$E$\begin{align}\overrightarrow{A E}&amp;=\overrightarrow{E C}\\
&amp;=\dfrac{1}{2} \vec{a}\\
&amp;=2 \hat{i}+…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-5-p2?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 3 &amp; 4 Exercise 3.5</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-5-p2?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 3 &amp; 4 Exercise 3.5

Solutions of Question 3 &amp; 4 of Exercise 3.5 of Unit 03: Vectors. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 3

For the vectors $\vec{a}=3 \hat{i}+2 \hat{k}$$\vec{b}=\hat{i}+2 \hat{j}+\hat{k}\quad$$\quad\vec{c}=-\hat{j}+4 \hat{k}$$\vec{a} \cdot \vec{b} \times \vec{c}=\vec{b} \cdot \vec{c} \times \vec{a}=\vec{c} \cdot \vec{a} \times \vec{b}$$\vec{a} \cdot \vec{b}…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-5-p6?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 7 Exercise 3.5</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-5-p6?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 7 Exercise 3.5

Solutions of Question 7 of Exercise 3.5 of Unit 03: Vectors. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 7(i)

For what value of $c$$\vec{u}=\hat{i}+2 \hat{j}+3 \hat{k}$$\vec{v}=2 \hat{i}-3 \hat{j}+4 \hat{k} \cdot \vec{w}=3 \hat{i}+\hat{j}+c \hat{k}$\begin{align}\vec{u} \cdot \vec{v} \times \vec{w}&amp;=0\\
\vec{u} \cdot \vec{v} \times \vec{w}&amp;=0\\
\Rightarrow\left|\beg…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-5-p7?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 8 Exercise 3.5</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-5-p7?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 8 Exercise 3.5

Solutions of Question 8 of Exercise 3.5 of Unit 03: Vectors. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 8(i)

Find the volume of tetrahedron with the Vectors as coterminous edges
\begin{align}\vec{a}&amp;=\hat{i}+2 \hat{j}+3 \hat{k},\\ 
\vec{b}&amp;=4 \hat{i}+5 \hat{j}+6 \hat{k}, \\
\vec{c}&amp;=7 \hat{j}+8 \hat{k}\end{align}\begin{align}V&amp;=\dfrac{1}{6}[\vec{u} \cdot \vec{v} \…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-5-p8?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 9 Exercise 3.5</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/ex3-5-p8?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 9 Exercise 3.5

Solutions of Question 9 of Exercise 3.5 of Unit 03: Vectors. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 9 (i)

Write the value of $(\hat{i} \times \hat{j}). \hat{k}+\hat{i}. \hat{j}$\begin{align}
(\hat{i} \times \hat{j}) \cdot \hat{k}&amp;=\left|\begin{array}{ccc}
1 &amp; 0 &amp; 0 \\
0 &amp; 1 &amp; 0 \\
0 &amp; 0 &amp; 1
\end{array}\right|&amp;=1 ....(1)\\
\text { and } \hat{i} \cdot \hat{j}&amp;=0…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/review-ex3-p1?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1 Review Exercise 3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/review-ex3-p1?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1 Review Exercise 3

Solutions of Question 1 of Review Exercise 3 of Unit 03: Vectors. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 1

$\hat{i} \cdot(\hat{j} \times \hat{k})+\hat{j} \cdot(\hat{i} \times \hat{k})+\hat{k} \cdot(\hat{i} \times \hat{j})$$0$$1$$1$$3$$3 \hat{i}+5 \hat{j}+2 \hat{k}$$2 \hat{i}-3 \hat{j}-5 \hat{k}$$5 \hat{i}+2 \hat{j}-3 \hat{k}$$\hat{i}-2 \hat{i}+\hat{j}+3 \…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/review-ex3-p6?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 10 Review Exercise 3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit03/review-ex3-p6?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 10 Review Exercise 3

Solutions of Question 10 of Review Exercise 3 of Unit 03: Vectors. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 10(i)
$A B C$$|\vec{a}|^2=|\vec{b}|^2+|\vec{c}|^2 -2|\vec{b}|| \vec{c}| \cos A$$A B C$$\vec{a}, \vec{b}$$\vec{c}$\begin{align}
\vec{b}&amp;=\vec{a}+\vec{c} \\
\Rightarrow \vec{a}&amp;=\vec{b}-\vec{c} \\
\Rightarrow \vec{a} \cdot \vec{a}&amp;=(\vec{b}-\vec{c}) \cd…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-1-p3?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5 Exercise 4.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-1-p3?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5 Exercise 4.1

Solutions of Question 5 of Exercise 4.1 of Unit 04: Sequence and Series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 5(i)
$\sum_{j=1}^6(2 j-3)$\begin{align}\sum_{j=1}^6(2 j-3)&amp;=(2.1-3)+(2.2-3)+(2.3-3)+(2.4-3)\\&amp;+(2.5-3)+(2.6-3) \\
\implies \sum_{j=1}^6(2 j-3)&amp;=-1+1+3+5+7+9 .\end{align}$\sum_{k=1}^5(-1)^k 2^{k-1}$\begin{align}\sum_{k=1}^5(-1)^k 2^{k-1}&amp; =(-1)^1 2^{1-…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-1-p4?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 6 Exercise 4.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-1-p4?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 6 Exercise 4.1

Solutions of Question 6 of Exercise 4.1 of Unit 04: Sequence and Series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Note

The general recursive definition formula defined for Pascal sequences is
$$P_0=1, P_{r+1}=\dfrac{n-r}{r+1} P_r, \text{ where } r=0,1,2,3,\ldots.$$$n=5$$n=5$$$P_0=1, P_{r+1}=\dfrac{5-r}{r+1} P_r, \text{ where } r=0,1,2,3,\ldots.$$$r=0$\begin{align}&amp;P_{0+1…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 12 &amp; 13 Exercise 4.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-2-p9?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 12 &amp; 13 Exercise 4.2

Solutions of Question 12 &amp; 13 of Exercise 4.2 of Unit 04: Sequence and Series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$a_1$$$a_1=3500.$$$=d=750$$a_{21}$\begin{align}
a_{21}&amp;=a_1+20d\\
&amp;=3500+20(750) \\
&amp;=18500. \end{align}$12$$18$$a=12, b=18$$A$\begin{align}A&amp;=\dfrac{a+b}{2}\\&amp;=\dfrac{12+18}{2}\\&amp;=\dfrac{30}{2}=15.\end{align}$\dfrac{1}{3}$$\dfrac{1}{4}$$a=\dfrac{1}{…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-2-p10?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 14 Exercise 4.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-2-p10?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 14 Exercise 4.2

Solutions of Question 14 of Exercise 4.2 of Unit 04: Sequence and Series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 14(i)
$A_1, A_2, A_3$$6, A_1, A_2, A_3, 41$$$a_1=6 \text{ and } a_6=41.$$\begin{align}&amp; a_5=11\\
\Rightarrow &amp;a_1+4 d=41 \\
\Rightarrow &amp;6+4 d=41 \\
\Rightarrow &amp;d=\dfrac{41-6}{4}\\
&amp;=\dfrac{35}{4}.\end{align}\begin{align} A_1&amp;=a+d=6+\dfrac{35}{4} \…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-3-p1?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1 Exercise 4.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-3-p1?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1 Exercise 4.3

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 4.3 of Unit 04: Sequence and Series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 1(i)
$9,7,5,3, \ldots$$a_1$$d$\begin{align}&amp;a_1=9 \\ 
&amp;d=7-9=-2 \\
&amp;n=20.
\end{align}\begin{align}&amp;a_n=a_1+(n-1)d \\
\implies &amp;a_20=9+(20-1)(-2)=-29.
\end{align}$S_n$$n$\begin{align}
S_n&amp;=\dfrac{n}{2}[a_1+a_n], \\
\implies S_{20}&amp;=\dfrac{20}{2}[9-29] …</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-3-p2?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2 Exercise 4.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-3-p2?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2 Exercise 4.3

Solutions of Question 2 of Exercise 4.3 of Unit 04: Sequence and Series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 2(i)
$a_1, a_n, n, d$$S_n$$a_1=2, n=17, d=3$$a_1=2, n=17, d=3$$a_{17}$$S_{17}$$$a_{n}=a_1+(n-1)d.$$$$a_{17}=2+(17-1)(3)=50.$$$$S_n=\dfrac{n}{2}[a_1+a_n]$$\begin{align}S_{17}&amp;=\dfrac{17}{2}(a_1+a_17) \\
&amp;=\dfrac{17}{2}(2+50)=442.\end{align}$a_{17}=50$$…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-3-p5?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 7 &amp; 8 Exercise 4.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-3-p5?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 7 &amp; 8 Exercise 4.3

Solutions of Question 7 &amp; 8 of Exercise 4.3 of Unit 04: Sequence and Series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 7
$1+3-5+7+9-11+13+15-$$17+\ldots$$3 n$\begin{align}&amp;(1+7+13+\ldots)+(3+9+15+\ldots)- \\
&amp; (5+11+17+\ldots) \ldots \ldots \ldots . . .(1)\end{align}$\mathrm{n}$$n$$3 n$$$1+7+13+\ldots$$$$a_1=1, d=7-1=6$$$n$\begin{align}S_n&amp;=\dfrac{n}{2}[2 a_1+…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-4-p1?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1 Exercise 4.4</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-4-p1?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1 Exercise 4.4

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 4.4 of Unit 04: Sequence and Series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question(i)
$a_1=5, \quad r=3$$a_1, a_1 r, a_1 r^2, a_1 r^3, a_1 r^4, \ldots$$a_1=5 ; r=3$\begin{align}&amp;5,5.3,5.3^2, 5.3^3, 5.3^4, \ldots\\
\Rightarrow &amp;5,15,45,135,405, \ldots\end{align}$a_1=8, \quad r=-\dfrac{1}{2}$$a_1, a_1 r, a_1 r^2, a_1 r^3, a_1 r^4, \ld…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-4-p5?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 8 Exercise 4.4</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-4-p5?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 8 Exercise 4.4

Solutions of Question 8 of Exercise 4.4 of Unit 04: Sequence and Series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 8(i)
$3.14$$2.71$$a=3.14$$b=2.71$$$G= \pm \sqrt{(3.14)(2.71)}= \pm 2.94$$$$G=2.94 \quad \text{or} \quad -2.94$$$-6$$-216$$a=-6$$b=-216$\begin{align}G&amp;= \pm \sqrt{(-6)(-216)}= \pm \sqrt{1296} \\
\Rightarrow G&amp;= \pm 36\end{align}$$G=36 \quad \text{or} \…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-4-p6?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 9 Exercise 4.4</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-4-p6?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 9 Exercise 4.4

Solutions of Question 9 of Exercise 4.4 of Unit 04: Sequence and Series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 9(i)
$3 \dfrac{5}{9}=\dfrac{32}{9}\quad$$\quad40 \dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{81}{2}$$G_1, G_2, G_3, G_4$$G_5$$\dfrac{32}{9}$$\dfrac{81}{2}$$\dfrac{32}{9}, G_1, G_2, G_3, G_4, G_5, \dfrac{81}{2}$$a_7=\dfrac{81}{2}$$a_1=\dfrac{32}{9}$\begin{align}a_1 r^6&amp;=\dfra…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-4-p7?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 10 Exercise 4.4</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-4-p7?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 10 Exercise 4.4

Solutions of Question 10 of Exercise 4.4 of Unit 04: Sequence and Series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 10
$48$$18$$a$$b$$1$$48$$$\quad a-b=48....(i)$$$a$$b$$$G=\sqrt{a b}$$$a$$b$$$A=\dfrac{a+b}{2}$$$2$$A \cdot M=G \cdot M+18$$A \cdot M-G \cdot M=18$$$\Rightarrow \dfrac{a+b}{2}-\sqrt{a b}=18$$$$(a+b)-2 \sqrt{a b}=36 \text {. }$$$a=b+48$\begin{align}(b…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-5-p1?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1 Exercise 4.5</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-5-p1?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1 Exercise 4.5

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 4.5 of Unit 04: Sequence and Series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 1(i)
$3+6+12+\ldots+3.2^9$$a_1=3, \quad r=\dfrac{6}{3}=2$$a_n=3.2^9$$n$$$a_n=a_1 r^{n-1}$$\begin{align}3.2^9&amp;=3(2)^{n-1} \text { or }(2)^{n-1}=\dfrac{3.2^9}{3} \\
\Rightarrow(2)^{n-1}&amp;=2^9 \\
\Rightarrow n-1&amp;=9 \text { or } n=10  \\
\text {. Now }\qua…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-5-p2?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2 Exercise 4.5</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-5-p2?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2 Exercise 4.5

Solutions of Question 2 of Exercise 4.5 of Unit 04: Sequence and Series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 2(i)
$a_1, a_n, n_2 r$$S_n$$a_1=1, \quad r=-2, \quad a_n=64$$n$$S_n$$a_n=a_1 r^{n-1}$\begin{align}64&amp;=(-2)^{n-1}\\
\Rightarrow(-2)^{n-1}&amp;=(-2)^6 \\
\Rightarrow n-1&amp;=6 \\
\Rightarrow n&amp;=7\\
S_7&amp;=\dfrac{a_1[r^{\prime \prime}-1]}{r-1}\\
\text{then}\\
S_7…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 13 &amp; 14 Exercise 4.5</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit04/ex4-5-p9?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 13 &amp; 14 Exercise 4.5

Solutions of Question 13 &amp; 14 of Exercise 4.5 of Unit 04: Sequence and Series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$y=\dfrac{x}{3}+\dfrac{x^2}{3^2}+\dfrac{x^3}{3^3}+\ldots$$0&lt;x&lt;3$$x=\dfrac{3 y}{1+y}$$$1+y=1+\dfrac{x}{3}+\dfrac{x^2}{3^2}+\dfrac{x^3}{3^3}$$$a_1=1$$r=\dfrac{x}{3}$$|r|=\dfrac{x}{3}&lt;1$$0&lt;x&lt;3$$S_{\infty}=\dfrac{a_1}{1-r}$$a_1, \quad r$$$S_{\infty}=\dfr…</description>
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        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1 Exercise 5.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit05/ex5-1-p1?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1 Exercise 5.1

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 5.1 of Unit 05: Mascellaneous series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 1(i)
$1^2+3^2+5^2+7^2+\ldots$$n$$1+3+5+\ldots$$n^{\text {th }}$$2 n-1$$n^{t h}$$$T_j=(2 j-1)^2$$\begin{align}&amp; \sum_{j=1}^n T_j=\sum_{j=1}^n(2 j-1)^2 \\
&amp; =\sum_{j=1}^n(4 j^2-4 j+1)\\
&amp; =4 \sum_{j=1}^n j^2-4 \sum_{j=1}^n j+\sum_{j=1}^n 1 \\
&amp; =4 \dfr…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit05/ex5-1-p6?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 9 Exercise 5.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit05/ex5-1-p6?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 9 Exercise 5.1

Solutions of Question 9 of Exercise 5.1 of Unit 05: Miscullaneous Series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 9(i)
$n$$n$$n$\begin{align}
&amp; T_n=n^2(2 n+3)=2 n^3+3 n^2 \\
&amp; \Rightarrow T_j=2 j^3+3 j^2\end{align}\begin{align}
&amp; \sum_{j=1}^n T_j=2 \sum_{j=1}^n j^3+3 \sum_{j=1}^n j^2 \\
&amp; =2(\dfrac{n(n+1)}{2})^2+3 \dfrac{n(n+1)(2 n+1)}{6} \\
&amp; =\dfrac{n(n+1)}{2}…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit05/ex5-4-p1?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1 Exercise 5.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit05/ex5-4-p1?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1 Exercise 5.3

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 5.4 of Unit 05: Mascellaneous series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 1(i)
$\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+\ldots$$n$$$T_n=\dfrac{1}{n(n+1)}$$$T_n$$$\dfrac{1}{n(n+1)}=\dfrac{A}{n}+\dfrac{B}{(n+1)}$$$n(n+1)$$$1=A(n+1)+B n=(A+B) n+A$$$n$$$A+B=0 \text{and} A=1$$$A=1$\begin{align}1+B&amp;=0\\
B&amp;=-1\end{align}\beg…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1 Review Exercise 5</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit05/re-ex5-p1?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1 Review Exercise 5

Solutions of Question 1 of Review Exercise 5 of Unit 05: Vectors. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 1

$t_n=6 n+5$$t_{n+1}=$$6 n-1$$6 n+11$$6 n+6$$6 n-5$$1+\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{6}{3^2}+\dfrac{10}{3^3}+\dfrac{14}{3^4}+\ldots$$6$$2$$3$$4$$1+2.2+3.2^2+\cdots+100.2^{\prime \prime}$$99.2^{100}$$100.2^{100}$$99.2^{100}+1$$1000.2^{100}$$n^{t h}$$1.2+2.3+3.4+\…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 7 Review Exercise</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit05/re-ex5-p5?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 7 Review Exercise

Solutions of Question 7 of Review Exercise of Unit 05: Miscullaneous Series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 7(i)
$1.2^2+3.3^2+5.4^2+\ldots$$n$$1,3,5, \ldots,(2 n-1)$$2^2, 3^2, 4^2, \ldots,(n+1)^2$\begin{align}
&amp; a_n=(2 n-1)(n+1)^2 \\
&amp; a_n=(2 n-1)(n^2+2 n+1) \\
&amp; a_n=2 n^3+3 n^2-1\end{align}\begin{align}
\sum_{r=1}^n a_r&amp;=2 \sum_{r=1}^n r^3+\sum_{r=1…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 8 Review Exercise</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit05/re-ex5-p6?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 8 Review Exercise

Solutions of Question 8 of Review Exercise of Unit 05: Miscullaneous Series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 8(i)
$n$$n^{t h}$$n^3+3^n.$$n^h$$$a_n=n^3+3^n$$\begin{align}\sum_{r=1}^n a_r&amp;=\sum_{r=1}^n r^3+\sum_{r=1}^n 3^r \\
&amp; =[\dfrac{n(n+1)}{2}]^2+\dfrac{3(3^n-1)}{3-1} \\
&amp; =\dfrac{n^2(n+1)^2}{4}+\dfrac{3}{2}(3^n-1) \end{align}$n$$$S_n=\dfrac{n^2(n+1…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 9 Review Exercise</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit05/re-ex5-p7?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 9 Review Exercise

Solutions of Question 9 of Review Exercise of Unit 05: Miscullaneous Series. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.

Question 9(i)
$n$$3+7+13+21+31+\ldots$\begin{align}
&amp; a_2-a_1=7-3=4 \\
&amp; a_3-a_2=13-7=6 \\
&amp; a_4-a_3=21-13=8 \\
&amp; \ldots \quad \ldots \quad \ldots \\
&amp; \ldots \quad \cdots \quad \ldots \\
&amp; a_n-a_{n-1}=(n-1) \text { term of the series } \\
&amp; 4,6,8, \ldo…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5 Exercise 6.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-1-p3?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5 Exercise 6.1

Solutions of Question 5 of Exercise 6.1 of Unit 06: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\dfrac{(2 n) !}{n !}=2^n(1.3 .5 \ldots(2 n-1))$\begin{align}\dfrac{(2 n) !}{n !}&amp;=\dfrac{1}{n !}[(2 n)(2 n-1)(2 n-2) \\
&amp;=(2 n-3)(2 n-4)(2 n-5) \ldots(2 n-(2 n-4))\\
&amp;(2 n-(2 n-3))(2 n-(2 n-2))(2 n-(2 n-1))]\end{align}$2 n$\begin{align}\dfra…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-2-p2?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 3 and 4 Exercise 6.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-2-p2?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 3 and 4 Exercise 6.2

Solutions of Question 3 and 4 of Exercise 6.2 of Unit 06: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$^n P_r=n(^{n-1} P_{r-1})$$$^n P_r=n({ }^{n-1} P_{r-1})$$\begin{align}n(^{n-1} P_{r-1})&amp;=n \dfrac{(n-1) !}{((n-1)-(r-1)) !} \\
&amp; =\dfrac{n(n-1) !}{(n-r) !}\\
&amp;=\dfrac{n !}{(n-r) !}\\
&amp;=^n P_r\end{align}$^n P_r=^{n-1} P_r+r(^{n-1} …</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 7 and 8 Exercise 6.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-2-p4?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 7 and 8 Exercise 6.2

Solutions of Question 7 and 8 of Exercise 6.2 of Unit 06: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$1,2,3,4$$E_1$$m_1=5$$E_2$$\cdot m_2=5$$E_3$$m_3=5$$$m_1 \cdot m_2 \cdot m_3=5.5 \cdot 5=125$$$1,2,3,4$$E_1$$m_1=5$$E_2$$m_2=4$$E_3$$m_3=3$$$m_1 \cdot m_2 \cdot m_3=5 \cdot 4 \cdot 3=60$$$8$$5$$=4$$=4$$=5$$=3$$4 ! \cdot 5 ! \cdot …</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 10 Exercise 6.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-2-p6?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 10 Exercise 6.2

Solutions of Question 10 of Exercise 6.2 of Unit 06: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$n=8$$r=5$\begin{align}^8 P_5&amp;=\dfrac{8 !}{(8-5) !}\\
&amp;=\dfrac{8 \cdot 7 \cdot 6 \cdot 5 \cdot 4 \cdot 3 !}{3 !}\\
&amp;=6720\end{align}\begin{align}^2 P_2 \times^7 P_4&amp;=2 \times \dfrac{7 !}{(7-4) !}\\
&amp;=2 \times\dfrac{7.6 .5 .4 .3 !}{3 !}\\
&amp;=…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-2-p7?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 11 Exercise 6.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-2-p7?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 11 Exercise 6.2

Solutions of Question 11 of Exercise 6.2 of Unit 06: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$10$$1000$$2.3,4,0,8,9$$10$$1000$$10$$100$$E_1$$m_1=5$$E_2$$m_2=5$$10$$100$$$m_1 \cdot m_2=5.5=25$$$100$$1000$$0$$E_1$$m_1=5$$E_2$$\boldsymbol{m}_2=5$$E_3$$m_3=4$$100$$1000$$$m_1 \cdot m_2 \cdot m_3=5.5 \cdot 4=100$$$10$$1000$$$100 + 25=125…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-2-p8?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 12 Exercise 6.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-2-p8?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 12 Exercise 6.2

Solutions of Question 12 of Exercise 6.2 of Unit 06: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$8.$$n=8$$\mathrm{O}$$m_1=3$\begin{align}
 \left(\begin{array}{c}
n \\
m 1
\end{array}\right)&amp;=\left(\begin{array}{l}
8 \\
3
\end{array}\right) \\
&amp; =\dfrac{8 !}{3 !}\\
&amp;=\dfrac{8 \cdot 7 \cdot 6 \cdot 5 \cdot 4 \cdot 3 !}{3 !}\\
&amp;=6,720 \e…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-2-p9?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 13 Exercise 6.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-2-p9?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 13 Exercise 6.2

Solutions of Question 13 of Exercise 6.2 of Unit 06: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\mathrm{E}$$n=10$$m_1=4$$E, m_2=2$$L$$m_3=2$$C$\begin{align}\text{total number of permutations are}
 &amp;=\left(\begin{array}{c}
n \\
m_1, m_2, m_3
\end{array}\right)\\&amp;=\left(\begin{array}{c}
10 \\
4,2,2
\end{array}\right) \\
&amp; =\dfrac{10 !}…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-3-p1?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1 Exercise 6.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-3-p1?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1 Exercise 6.3

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 6.3 of Unit 06: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$^n C_2=36$$n$\begin{align}&amp;^n C_2=36\\
&amp; \Rightarrow \dfrac{n !}{(n-2) ! 2 !}=36 \\
&amp; \Rightarrow \dfrac{n(n-1)(n-2) !}{(n-2) ! \cdot 2}=36 \\
&amp; \Rightarrow n(n-1)=72 \\
&amp; \Rightarrow n^2-n-72=0 \\
&amp; \Rightarrow n^2-9 n+8 n-72=0\\
&amp; \Rightar…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-3-p4?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 4 Exercise 6.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-3-p4?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 4 Exercise 6.3

Solutions of Question 4 of Exercise 6.3 of Unit 06: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.${ }^{n-1} C_r+{ }^{n-1} C_{r-1}={ }^n C_r$$${ }^n{ }^1 C_r+{ }^n{ }^1 C_{r-1}={ }^n C_s$$\begin{align}
{ }^{n-1} C_r+{ }^{n-1} C_{r-1}&amp;=\dfrac{(n-1) !}{(n-r-1) ! r !}+\dfrac{(n-1) !}{(n-1-(r-1)) !(r-1) !} \\
&amp; =\dfrac{(n-1) !}{(n-r-1) ! r(r-…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-3-p5?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5 and 6 Exercise 6.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-3-p5?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5 and 6 Exercise 6.3

Solutions of Question 5 and 6 of Exercise 6.3 of Unit 06: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$12$$n=12$${ }^{12} C_2=66$$12$$n=12$${ }^{12} C_3=220$$${ }^6 C_2=\dfrac{6 !}{(6-2) ! 2 !}=15 $$$6$$\quad 15-6=9$</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 9 Exercise 6.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-3-p7?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 9 Exercise 6.3

Solutions of Question 9 of Exercise 6.3 of Unit 06: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$8$$6$$7$$7$$6.$$=7+6=13$${ }^7 C_4$${ }^6 C_4$\begin{align}{ }^7 C_4 \cdot{ }^6 C_4&amp;=\dfrac{7 !}{(7-4) ! 4 !} \cdot \dfrac{6 !}{(6-4)}\\\
&amp;= 525\end{align}$8$$6$$7$$7$$6$$=7+6=13$$3,4,5,6$$6$\begin{align}{ }^7 C_2 \cdot{ }^6 C_6&amp;=\dfrac{7 !}…</description>
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        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2 Exercise 6.4</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-4-p2?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2 Exercise 6.4

Solutions of Question 2 of Exercise 6.4 of Unit 06: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$4$$5$$6$$3$$4+5+6=15$$${ }^{15} C_3=\dfrac{15 !}{(15-3) ! 3 !}=455 $$$${ }^6 C_4=\dfrac{6 !}{(6-4) ! 4 !}=15$$$$=\dfrac{15}{455}=\dfrac{3}{91}$$$4$$5$$6$$3$$4+5+6=15$$${ }^{15} C_3=\dfrac{15 !}{(15-3) ! 3 !}=455 $$$${ }^4 C_3=\dfrac{4 !}{(4-…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 4 Exercise 6.4</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-4-p4?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 4 Exercise 6.4

Solutions of Question 4 of Exercise 6.4 of Unit 06: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.\begin{align}S&amp;=(HHII,HHT.HTH.HTT.THII.THT.TTH,TT7),\\
\text{then} n(S)&amp;=2^3=8\end{align}$$A=\{H H H\}$$$$n(A)=1$$$P(A)=\dfrac{n(A)}{n(S)}=\dfrac{1}{8}$\begin{align}S&amp;=(HHII,HHT.HTH.HTT.THII.THT.TTH,TT7),\\ 
\text{then} n(S)&amp;=2^3=8\end{align}…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-4-p5?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5 Exercise 6.4</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-4-p5?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5 Exercise 6.4

Solutions of Question 5 of Exercise 6.4 of Unit 06: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$6$$4$$3$$2$$=6+4=10$$5$$10$\begin{align}{ }^{10)} C_5 &amp;=\dfrac{10 !}{(10-5) ! 5 !}\\
&amp;=252\\ 
n(S)&amp;=252\end{align}$3$$2$$3$$2$\begin{align}{ }^6 \mathrm{C}_3\cdot{ }^{4} \mathrm{C}_2&amp;=\dfrac{6 !}{(6-3) ! 3 !} \cdot \dfrac{4 !}{(4-2) ! 2 !}\\…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 6 Exercise 6.4</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-4-p6?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 6 Exercise 6.4

Solutions of Question 6 of Exercise 6.4 of Unit 06: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$52$$$=52$$$=4$$$=\dfrac{4}{52}=\dfrac{1}{13}$$$52$$=52$$13$$13$$$\dfrac{13}{52}+ \dfrac{13}{52}=\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{2}{4}=\dfrac{1}{2}$$$52$$=52$$13.$$$=\dfrac{13}{52}=\dfrac{1}{4}$$$52$$=52$$12.$$$=\dfrac{12}{52}=\dfrac{3}{13}$…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 7 Exercise 6.4</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-4-p7?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 7 Exercise 6.4

Solutions of Question 7 of Exercise 6.4 of Unit 06: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.\begin{align}S&amp;=\{(i, j) ; i, j=1,2,3,4,5,6\}\\
&amp;=\left[\begin{array}{llllll}
(1,1) &amp; (1,2) &amp; (1,3) &amp; (1,4) &amp; (1,5) &amp; (1,6) \\
(2,1) &amp; (2,2) &amp; (2,3) &amp; (2,4) &amp; (2,5) &amp; (2,6) \\
(3,1) &amp; (3,2) &amp; (3,3) &amp; (3,4) &amp; (3,5) &amp; (3,6) \\
(4,1) &amp; (4,2) &amp; (…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-5-p1?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1 and 2 Exercise 6.5</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-5-p1?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1 and 2 Exercise 6.5

Solutions of Question 1 and 2 of Exercise 6.5 of Unit 06: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$A$$B$$P(A)=\dfrac{2}{5}, P(B)=\dfrac{2}{5}$$P(A \cup B)=\dfrac{1}{2}$$P(A \cap B)$\begin{align}
 P(A \cup B)&amp;=P(A)+P(B)-P(A \cap B) \\
 \Rightarrow P(A \cap B)&amp;=P(A)+P(B)-P(A \cup B)
\end{align}$P(A), P(B)$$P(A \cup B)$$$P(A \cap…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-5-p6?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 9 Exercise 6.5</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/ex6-5-p6?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 9 Exercise 6.5

Solutions of Question 9 of Exercise 6.5 of Unit 06: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$2$$\dfrac{1}{7}$$\dfrac{1}{5}$\begin{align}
P(\text { Ajmal scicction })&amp;=\dfrac{1}{7} \\
\Rightarrow P(\text { Ajmal not selected })&amp;=\dfrac{6}{7} \\
P(\text { Bushra selection })&amp;=\dfrac{1}{5} \\
\Rightarrow P(\text { Bushra not selected }…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1 Review Exercise 6</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/re-ex6-p1?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1 Review Exercise 6

Solutions of Question 1 of Review Exercise 6 of Unit 06: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$O, P, Q, R, S, T, U$$2520$$9040$$5140$$4880$$\{1,2,3,4,5,6,7\}$$14$$42$$28$$21$$\{1,2,3,4,6,7,8\}$$3$$7$$120$$180$$144$$96$$\dfrac{(n+2) !(n-2) !}{(n+1) !(n-1) !}$$(n-3)$$(\dot{n}-1)$$\dfrac{n+1}{n+2}$$\dfrac{n+2}{n-1}$$5$$768$$724…</description>
    </item>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2 Review Exercise 6</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/re-ex6-p2?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2 Review Exercise 6

Solutions of Question 2 of Review Exercise 6 of Unit 06: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.${ }^{2 n} C_r={ }^{2 n} C_{r+2}$$r$\begin{align}
{ }^{2 n} C_r&amp;={ }^{2 n} C_{r+2} \\
\Rightarrow \dfrac{(2 n) !}{(2 n-r) ! r !}&amp;=\dfrac{(2 n) !}{(2 n-(r+2)) !(r+2) !}\end{align}$(2 n)$\begin{align}
\Rightarrow \dfrac{1}{(2 n-r) ! r…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5 &amp; 6 Review Exercise 6</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/re-ex6-p4?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5 &amp; 6 Review Exercise 6

Solutions of Question 5 &amp; 6 of Review Exercise 6 of Unit 06: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$$n=6$$$$(n-1) !=(6-1) !=5 !=120$$$120-24=96$$n=6$$(n-1) !=(6-1) !=5 !=120$$$(n-1) !=(5-1) !=4 !=24$$$$(n-1) !=(6-1) !=5 !=120$$$$4 ! \cdot 2 !=48$$$(5-1) !$</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/re-ex6-p5?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 7 &amp; 8 Review Exercise 6</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit06/re-ex6-p5?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 7 &amp; 8 Review Exercise 6

Solutions of Question 7 &amp; 8 of Review Exercise 6 of Unit 06: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$P(A)=0.8, P(B)=0.5$$P(B / A)=0.4$$P(A \cap B)$\begin{align}
P(B \mid A)&amp;=\dfrac{P(A \cap B)}{P(A)} \\
\Rightarrow P(A \cap B)&amp;=P(B \mid A) \cdot P(A)\\
&amp;=0.4 \times 0.8=0.32\end{align}$P(A)=0.8, P(B)=0.5$$P(B / A)=0.4$$P(A …</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 12 Exercise 7.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit07/ex7-1-p12?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 12 Exercise 7.1

Solutions of Question 12 of Exercise 7.1 of Unit 07: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\dfrac{5^{2 n}-1}{24}$$n=1$$$\dfrac{5^{2 n}-1}{24}=\dfrac{5^{2.1}-1}{24}=\dfrac{24}{24}=1 \in \mathbb{Z}$$$n=1$$n=k&gt;1$$$\dfrac{5^{2 k}-1}{24} \in \mathbb{Z}$$$n=k+1$\begin{align}\dfrac{5^{2(k+1)}-1}{24}&amp;=\dfrac{5^{2 k+2}-1}{24} \\
&amp; =\dfra…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit07/ex7-1-p13?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 13 Exercise 7.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit07/ex7-1-p13?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 13 Exercise 7.1

Solutions of Question 13 of Exercise 7.1 of Unit 07: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$2^n&gt;n \forall n \in \mathbf{N}$$n=1$$2^n=2^1=2$$n=1$$2&gt;1$$n=1$$n=l&gt;I$$2^k&gt;k\cdots(i)$$n=k+1$\begin{align}
&amp; 2^{k+1}=2^k \cdot 2&gt;k \cdot 2 \quad \text { by (i) } \\
&amp; \Rightarrow 2^{k+1}&gt;2 k=k+k \\
&amp;\Rightarrow 2^{k+1}&gt;k+1 \text {. as } k&gt;1…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 14 Exercise 7.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit07/ex7-1-p14?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 14 Exercise 7.1

Solutions of Question 14 of Exercise 7.1 of Unit 07: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$5$$3^{2 n-1}+2^{2 n-1}$$n$$n=1$$$3^{2 n-1}+2^{2 n-1}=3^{2.1-1}+2^{2.1-1}=5 \text {. }$$$5$$5$$5$$5.$$n=1$$n=k&gt;1$$54$$3^{2 k} 1+2^{2 k} \quad 1$$$3^{2 k-1}+2^{2 k-1}=5 Q$$$Q$$n=k+1$\begin{align}
3^{2(k+1)-1}+2^{2(k+1)-1} &amp; =3^{2 k+2-1}+2^{2…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit07/ex7-2-p1?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1 Exercise 7.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit07/ex7-2-p1?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1 Exercise 7.2

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 7.2 of Unit 07: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$(x^2-\dfrac{1}{y})^4$\begin{align}(x^2-\dfrac{1}{y})^4&amp;=(x^2)^4+{ }^4 C_1(x^2)^3(-\dfrac{1}{y})+ \\
&amp; { }^4 C_2(x^2)^2(-\dfrac{1}{y})^2+{ }^4 C_3(x^2)(-\dfrac{1}{y})^3 + { }^4 C_4(-\dfrac{1}{y})^4 \\
&amp; =x^8- \dfrac{4x^6}{y}+\dfrac{6x^4}{y^2}…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit07/ex7-2-p2?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2 Exercise 7.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit07/ex7-2-p2?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2 Exercise 7.2

Solutions of Question 2 of Exercise 7.2 of Unit 07: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$4^{th}$$(2+a)^7$$\ln$$n=7$$a=2$$b=a$$$T_{r+1}=\frac{7 !}{(7-r) ! r !}(2)^{7-r } a^r $$$4^{\text {th }}$$r=3$\begin{align}
&amp; T_{3+1}=\dfrac{7 !}{(7-3) ! 3 !} 2^{7-3} a^3 \\
&amp; \Rightarrow T_4=\dfrac{7 !}{4 ! 3 !} \cdot 2^4 a^3 \\
&amp; \Rightarrow…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 3 Exercise 7.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit07/ex7-2-p3?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 3 Exercise 7.2

Solutions of Question 3 of Exercise 7.2 of Unit 07: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$x$$(\dfrac{4 x^2}{3}-\dfrac{3}{2 x})$$n=9, \quad a=\dfrac{4 x^2}{3}$$b=-\dfrac{3}{2 x}$$T_{r+1}$$x$$T_{r+1}$\begin{align}T_{r+1}&amp;=\dfrac{9 !}{(9-r) ! r !}(\dfrac{4 x^2}{3})^{9-r}(-\dfrac{3}{2 x})^r \\
&amp; =\dfrac{9 !}{(9-r) ! r !} \cdot \dfrac…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 4 Exercise 7.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit07/ex7-2-p4?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 4 Exercise 7.2

Solutions of Question 4 of Exercise 7.2 of Unit 07: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$x^{23}$$(x^2-x)^{20}$$n=20, \quad a=x^2$$b=-x$$T_{r, 1}$$x^{23}$\begin{align}T_{r-1}&amp;=\dfrac{20 !}{(20-r) ! r !}(x^2)^{20 r}(-x)^r \\
&amp; =\dfrac{20 !}{(20-r) ! r !}(-1)^r \cdot x^{40-2 r+r} \\
&amp; =\dfrac{20 !}{(20-r) ! r !}(-1)^r x^{40-r}\end{…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5 Exercise 7.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit07/ex7-2-p5?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5 Exercise 7.2

Solutions of Question 5 of Exercise 7.2 of Unit 07: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$(\dfrac{a}{x}+b x)^8$$a=\dfrac{a}{x}$$b=b x$$n=8$$n-8$$8+1=9$$$(\dfrac{8+2}{2})^{t h}=5^{t h}$$T_{r+1}$$$T_{r+1}=\dfrac{8 !}{(8-r) ! r !}(\dfrac{a}{x})^{8-r}(b x)^r$$$T_5$$r=4$\begin{align}T_5&amp;=\dfrac{8 !}{(8-4) ! 4 !}(\dfrac{a}{x})^{8-4}(b …</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:58+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 7 Exercise 7.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit07/ex7-2-p7?rev=1737476038&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 7 Exercise 7.2

Solutions of Question 7 of Exercise 7.2 of Unit 07: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$(2+\sqrt{3})^5+(2-\sqrt{3})^5$\begin{align}(2+\sqrt{3})^5+(2 \cdot \sqrt{3})^5&amp; =[(2)^5+{ }^5 C_1 \cdot 2^4 \cdot \sqrt{3}+{ }^5 C_2 \cdot 2^3 \cdot(\sqrt{3})^2 \\
&amp; +^5 C_3 \cdot 2^2 \cdot(\sqrt{3})^4+{ }^5 C_4 \cdot 2 \cdot(\sqrt{3})^4 \\
…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1 Exercise 7.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit07/ex7-3-p1?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1 Exercise 7.3

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 7.3 of Unit 07: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\frac{1}{2}$$$
\begin{aligned}
&amp; (1-x)^{\frac{1}{2}}=1+\frac{1}{2} x+ \\
&amp; \frac{\frac{1}{2}\left(-\frac{1}{2}-1\right)}{2 !}(-x)^2
\end{aligned}
$$$$
\begin{aligned}
&amp; +\frac{-\frac{1}{2}\left(-\frac{1}{2}-1\right)\left(-\frac{1}{2}-2\right…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2 Exercise 7.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit07/ex7-3-p2?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2 Exercise 7.3

Solutions of Question 2 of Exercise 7.3 of Unit 07: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\sqrt{26}$$$
\begin{aligned}
&amp; \sqrt{26}=\sqrt{25+1} \\
&amp; =\sqrt{25} \sqrt{1+\frac{1}{25}}=5\left[1+\frac{1}{25}\right]^{\frac{1}{2}}
\end{aligned}
$$$$
\begin{aligned}
&amp; \sqrt{26}=5\left[1+\frac{1}{25}\right]^{\frac{1}{2}} \\
&amp; =5\left[1+\f…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 7 and 8 Exercise 7.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit07/ex7-3-p6?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 7 and 8 Exercise 7.3

Solutions of Question 7 and 8 of Exercise 7.3 of Unit 07: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$x^4$$(1-x)^{\frac{1}{4}}+(1-x)^{\frac{1}{4}}=a-b x^2$$a$$b$$$
\begin{aligned}
&amp; (1+x)^{\frac{1}{4}}+(1-x)^{\frac{1}{4}} \\
&amp; =\left[1+\frac{x}{4}+\frac{\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{4}-1\right)}{2 !} x^2+\right. \\
&amp; \left.\frac{\fra…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 10 Exercise 7.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit07/ex7-3-p8?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 10 Exercise 7.3

Solutions of Question 10 of Exercise 7.3 of Unit 07: Permutation, Combination and Probablity. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$1-\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1.3}{2 !} \cdot \frac{1}{2^4}+\ldots$$(1+x)^n$$$
\begin{aligned}
&amp; 1+n x+\frac{n(n-1)}{2 !} x^2 \\
&amp; +\frac{n(n-1(n-2))}{3 !} x^3+\ldots
\end{aligned}
$$$n x=-\frac{1}{4}$$\frac{n(n-1)}{2 !} x^2=\frac{1.3}{2 !} \cdot …</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Exercise 10.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-1-p1?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Exercise 10.1

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 10.1 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan. There are four parts in Question 1.$\sin {{37}^{\circ }}\cos {{22}^{\circ }}+\cos {{37}^{\circ }}\sin {{22}^{\circ }}$\begin{align} \sin (\alpha +\beta )=\sin \alpha \cos \beta +\cos \alpha \sin \beta, \end{align}\begin{a…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2, Exercise 10.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-1-p2?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2, Exercise 10.1

Solutions of Question 2 of Exercise 10.1 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\sin \dfrac{\pi }{12}$$\dfrac{\pi }{12}$$\dfrac{\pi }{3}-\dfrac{\pi }{4}$\begin{align}\sin (\alpha -\beta )=\sin \alpha \cos \beta -\cos \alpha \sin.\end{align}\begin{align} \Rightarrow \quad \sin \left( \frac{\pi }{3}-\f…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 3, Exercise 10.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-1-p3?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 3, Exercise 10.1

Solutions of Question 3 of Exercise 10.1 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\sin u=\dfrac{3}{5}$$\sin v=\dfrac{4}{5}$$u$$v$$0$$\dfrac{\pi }{2}$$\cos \left( u+v \right)$$\sin u=\dfrac{3}{5},$$0\le u\le \dfrac{\pi }{2}.$$\sin v=\dfrac{4}{5},$$0\le v\le \dfrac{\pi }{2}.$$\cos u=\pm \sqrt{1-{{\sin }^…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5, Exercise 10.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-1-p5?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5, Exercise 10.1

Solutions of Question 5 of Exercise 10.1 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\tan \alpha =\dfrac{3}{4}$$\sec \beta =\dfrac{13}{5}$$\alpha$$\beta$$\sin \left( \alpha +\beta  \right)$$\tan\alpha =\dfrac{3}{4}$$\tan\alpha$$\alpha$\begin{align}{{\sec}^{2}}\alpha &amp;=1+{{\tan}^{2}}\alpha\\
\Rightarrow \q…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 6, Exercise 10.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-1-p6?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 6, Exercise 10.1

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 10.1 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\cos \alpha =2{{\cos }^{2}}\dfrac{\alpha }{2}-1=1-2{{\sin }^{2}}\dfrac{\alpha }{2}$\begin{align}\cos \alpha &amp;=\cos 2\dfrac{\alpha }{2}\\
&amp;={{\cos }^{2}}\dfrac{\alpha }{2}-{{\sin }^{2}}\dfrac{\alpha }{2}\\ 
&amp;={{\cos }^{2}}…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 7, Exercise 10.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-1-p7?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 7, Exercise 10.1

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 10.1 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\cot \left( \alpha +\beta  \right)=\dfrac{\cot \alpha \cot \beta -1}{\cot \alpha +\cot \beta }$\begin{align}L.H.S.&amp;=\cot (\alpha +\beta )\\
&amp;=\dfrac{1}{\tan (\alpha +\beta )}\\
&amp;=\dfrac{1}{\,\dfrac{\tan \alpha +\tan \beta…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 8, Exercise 10.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-1-p8?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 8, Exercise 10.1

Solutions of Question 8 of Exercise 10.1 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\tan \left( \dfrac{\pi }{4}+\theta  \right)=\dfrac{\cos \theta +\sin \theta }{\cos \theta -\sin \theta }$\begin{align}L.H.S.&amp;=\tan \left( \dfrac{\pi }{4}+\theta  \right)\\ 
&amp;=\dfrac{\sin \left( \dfrac{\pi }{4}+\theta  \ri…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 13, Exercise 10.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-1-p11?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 13, Exercise 10.1

Solutions of Question 13 of Exercise 10.1 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$r\,\,\sin \left( \theta +\phi  \right)$$\theta$$\phi$$4\sin \theta +3\cos \theta .$$4\sin \theta +3\cos \theta$$r\sin(\theta + \varphi)$$$4\sin \theta +3\cos \theta=r\cos\varphi\sin\theta+r\sin\varphi\cos\theta --- (1)$…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Exercise 10.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-2-p1?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Exercise 10.2

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 10.2 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan. There are four parts in Question 1.$\sin 2\theta ,\,\,\cos 2\theta$$\tan 2\theta$$\tan \theta =-\dfrac{1}{5}$$\theta$$\sin \theta =\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{26}}$$\cos \theta =\dfrac{-5}{\sqrt{26}}$\begin{align}\sin 2\theta &amp;=2\sin…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2, Exercise 10.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-2-p2?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2, Exercise 10.2

Solutions of Question 2 of Exercise 10.2 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\sin \theta =\dfrac{5}{13}$$\theta $$\sin 2\theta $$\sin \theta =\dfrac{5}{13}$$$\cos \theta =\pm \sqrt{1-{{\sin }^{2}}\theta }.$$$\theta$$\cos$\begin{align}\cos\theta &amp;=-\sqrt{1-{{\sin }^{2}}\theta }\\
&amp;=-\sqrt{1-\left(\…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-2-p3?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 3, Exercise 10.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-2-p3?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 3, Exercise 10.2

Solutions of Question 3 of Exercise 10.2 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\sin \theta =\dfrac{4}{5}$$\theta$$\sin2\theta$$\sin \theta =\dfrac{4}{5}$$\theta$$\cos \theta =-\dfrac{3}{5}$\begin{align}\sin 2\theta &amp;=2\sin \theta \cos \theta \\
&amp;=2\left( \dfrac{4}{5} \right)\left( -\dfrac{3}{5} \rig…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-2-p4?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 4 and 5, Exercise 10.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-2-p4?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 4 and 5, Exercise 10.2

Solutions of Question 4 and 5 of Exercise 10.2 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\cos \theta =-\dfrac{3}{7}$$\theta $$\sin \dfrac{\theta }{2}$$\cos \theta =-\dfrac{3}{7}$$\theta$\begin{align}&amp;\pi &lt; \theta &lt; \dfrac{3\pi}{2} \\
\implies &amp;\frac{\pi}{2} &lt; \frac{\theta}{2} &lt; \dfrac{3\pi}{4}\end…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-2-p5?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 6, Exercise 10.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-2-p5?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 6, Exercise 10.2

Solutions of Question 6 of Exercise 10.2 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\cos {{15}^{\circ }}$${{15}^{\circ }}=\dfrac{{{30}^{\circ }}}{2}$$\dfrac{\theta }{2}=\dfrac{{{30}^{\circ }}}{2}$$\cos {{15}^{\circ }}$\begin{align}\cos {{15}^{\circ }}&amp;=\cos \dfrac{{{30}^{\circ }}}{2}=\sqrt{\dfrac{1+\cos …</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-2-p6?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 7, Exercise 10.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-2-p6?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 7, Exercise 10.2

Solutions of Question 7 of Exercise 10.2 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.${{\cos }^{4}}\theta -{{\sin }^{4}}\theta =\dfrac{1}{\sec 2\theta }$\begin{align}L.H.S&amp;={{\cos }^{4}}\theta -{{\sin }^{4}}\theta \\ 
&amp;=\left( {{\cos }^{2}}\theta -{{\sin }^{2}}\theta  \right)\left( {{\cos }^{2}}\theta +{{\…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-2-p7?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 8 and 9, Exercise 10.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-2-p7?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 8 and 9, Exercise 10.2

Solutions of Question 8 and 9 of Exercise 10.2 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.${{\cos }^{4}}\theta $\begin{align}{{\cos}^{4}}\theta &amp;={{\left( {{\cos }^{2}}\theta  \right)}^{2}}\\
&amp;={{\left( \dfrac{1+\cos 2\theta }{2} \right)}^{2}}\\ 
&amp;=\dfrac{1+2\cos 2\theta +{{\cos }^{2}}2\theta }{4}\\…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-3-p1?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Exercise 10.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-3-p1?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Exercise 10.3

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 10.3 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan. There are four parts in Question 1.$2\sin 6x\sin x$$$-2\sin \alpha \sin \beta =\cos (\alpha +\beta )-\cos (\alpha -\beta ).$$$\alpha =6x$$\beta =x$\begin{align}-\,2\sin 6x\sin x&amp;=\cos (6x+x)-\cos (6x-x)\\
&amp;=\cos 7x-\cos x…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-3-p2?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2, Exercise 10.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-3-p2?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2, Exercise 10.3

Solutions of Question 2 of Exercise 10.3 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$$\sin {{37}^{\circ }}+\sin {{43}^{\circ }}.$$$$\sin \alpha +\sin \beta =2\sin \left( \dfrac{\alpha +\beta }{2} \right)\cos \left( \dfrac{\alpha -\beta }{2} \right).$$$\alpha ={{37}^{\circ }}$$\beta ={{43}^{\circ }}$\begin…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-3-p3?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 3, Exercise 10.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-3-p3?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 3, Exercise 10.3

Solutions of Question 3 of Exercise 10.3 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$$\dfrac{\cos {{75}^{\circ }}+\cos {{15}^{\circ }}}{\sin {{75}^{\circ }}-\sin {{15}^{\circ }}}=\sqrt{3}.$$$$\cos \alpha +\cos \beta =2\cos \left( \dfrac{\alpha +\beta }{2} \right)\cos \left( \dfrac{\alpha -\beta }{2} \righ…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-3-p4?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5, Exercise 10.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-3-p4?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5, Exercise 10.3

Solutions of Question 5 of Exercise 10.3 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$$\cos {{20}^{\circ }}\cos {{40}^{\circ }}\cos {{60}^{\circ }}\cos {{80}^{\circ }}=\dfrac{1}{16}.$$$2\cos \alpha \cos \beta =\cos \left( \alpha +\beta  \right)+\cos \left( \alpha -\beta  \right)$\begin{align}L.H.S.&amp;=\cos {…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-3-p5?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5, Exercise 10.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/ex10-3-p5?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5, Exercise 10.3

Solutions of Question 5 of Exercise 10.3 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\cos {{20}^{\circ }}\cos {{40}^{\circ }}\cos {{60}^{\circ }}\cos {{80}^{\circ }}=\dfrac{1}{16}$$2\cos \alpha \cos \beta =\cos \left( \alpha +\beta  \right)+\cos \left( \alpha -\beta  \right)$\begin{align}L.H.S.&amp;=\cos {{20…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/re-ex10-p1?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Review Exercise 10</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/re-ex10-p1?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Review Exercise 10

Solutions of Question 1 of Review Exercise 10 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\cos {{50}^{\circ }}5{0}&#039;\cos {{9}^{\circ }}1{0}&#039;-\sin {{50}^{\circ }}5{0}&#039;\sin {{9}^{\circ }}1{0}&#039;=$$0$$\dfrac{1}{2}$$1$$\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$$\tan {{15}^{\circ }}=2-\sqrt{3}$${{\cot }^{2}}{{75}^{\circ }}$$7+\sq…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/re-ex10-p5?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 8 &amp; 9, Review Exercise 10</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-kpk/sol/unit10/re-ex10-p5?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 8 &amp; 9, Review Exercise 10

Solutions of Question 8 &amp; 9 of Review Exercise 10 of Unit 10: Trigonometric Identities of Sum and Difference of Angles. This is unit of A Textbook of Mathematics for Grade XI is published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board (KPTB or KPTBB) Peshawar, Pakistan.$\sin \left( \dfrac{\pi }{4}-\theta  \right)\sin \left( \dfrac{\pi }{4}+\theta  \right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\cos 2\theta $$2\sin \alpha \sin \beta =\cos \left( \alpha -\beta  \right)-\cos \left( \alpha +\beta  \r…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-1-p1?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Exercise 1.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-1-p1?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Exercise 1.1

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 1.1 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. 

Question 1(i)
${{i}^{31}}$\begin{align}{{i}^{31}}&amp;=i\cdot{{i}^{30}}\\
&amp;=i\cdot{{\left( {{i}^{2}} \right)}^{15}}\\
&amp;=i\cdot{{\left( -1 \right)}^{15}} \quad \because i^2=-1\\
&amp;=i\cdot(-1)\\
&amp;=-i.\end{align}${{\left( -i \right)}^{6}}$\begin{align}
{{\left…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-1-p2?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2, Exercise 1.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-1-p2?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2, Exercise 1.1

Solutions of Question 2 of Exercise 1.1 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. 

Question 2(i)
$x+iy$$(3+2i)+(2+4i)$\begin{align}&amp;(3+i2)+(2+i4)\\
=&amp;(3+2)+(i2+i4)\\
=&amp;5+i6\end{align}$x+iy$$(4+3i)-(2+5i)$\begin{align}&amp;(4+3i)-(2+5i)\\
=&amp;(4-2)+(3i-5i)\\
=&amp;2-2i\end{align}$x+iy$$(4+7i)+(4-7i)$\begin{align}
&amp;(4+7i)+(4-7i)\\
=&amp;(4+4)+(7i-7i…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-1-p3?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 3, Exercise 1.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-1-p3?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 3, Exercise 1.1

Solutions of Question 3 of Exercise 1.1 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. 

Question 3(i)
$\dfrac{(2+i)(3-2i)}{1+i}$\begin{align}&amp;\dfrac{(2+i)(3-2i)}{1+i}\\
=&amp;\dfrac{6-2i^2+3i-4i}{1+i}\\
=&amp;\dfrac{8-i}{1+i}\\
=&amp;\dfrac{8-i}{1+i}\times \dfrac{1-i}{1-i}\\
=&amp;\dfrac{8+i^2-8i-i}{1^2-i^2}\\
=&amp;\dfrac{7-9i}{2}\\
=&amp;\dfrac{7}{2}-\dfrac{9}…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 4, Exercise 1.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-1-p4?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 4, Exercise 1.1

Solutions of Question 4 of Exercise 1.1 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. 

Question 4(i)
$x$$y$$(2+3i)x+(1+3i)y+2=0$\begin{align}&amp;(2+3i)x+(1+3i)y+2=0\\
\implies &amp;(2x+y+2)+(3x+3y)i=0.\end{align}\begin{align}
2x+y+2&amp;=0 \quad \cdots(1)\\
3x+3y&amp;=0\quad \cdots (2)
\end{align}\begin{align}
&amp;3x=-3y \\
x=-y \quad ... (3) \end{align}$…</description>
    </item>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 6, Exercise 1.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-1-p6?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 6, Exercise 1.1

Solutions of Question 6 of Exercise 1.1 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. 

Question 6(i)
$4-3 i$$z=4-3 i$$\bar{z}=4+3i$$3 i+8$$2+\sqrt{\dfrac{-1}{5}}$\begin{align}z=&amp;2+\sqrt{\dfrac{-1}{5}}\\
=&amp;2+\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{5}}i,\end{align}$$\bar{z}=2-\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{5}}i$$$\dfrac{5 }{2}i-\dfrac{7}{8}$$z=\dfrac{5 }{2}i-\dfrac{7}{8},$$\bar…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 7, Exercise 1.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-1-p7?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 7, Exercise 1.1

Solutions of Question 7 of Exercise 1.1 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. 

Question 7(i)
$11+12 i$$$z=11+12i$$\begin{align}|z|&amp;= \sqrt{(11)^2+(12)^2}\\
&amp;=\sqrt{265}\end{align}$|11+12 i|=\sqrt{265}$$(2+3 i)-(2+6 i)$$z=(2+3i)−(2+6i)$\begin{align}z&amp;=2+3i−2−6i\\
&amp;=-3i \end{align}\begin{align}
|z| &amp;= \sqrt{0^2+(-3)^2} \\
&amp;= \sqrt{…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p1?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Exercise 1.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p1?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Exercise 1.2

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 1.2 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. 

Question 1(i)
$\operatorname{Re}(i z)=-\operatorname{Im}(z)$$$z=x+iy$$\begin{align}
iz&amp;=i(x+iy)\\
&amp;=ix-y\end{align}\begin{align}Re(iz)&amp;=-y\\
\implies Re(iz)&amp;=-Im(z)\end{align}$\operatorname{Im}(i z)=\operatorname{Re}(z)$$$z=x+iy$$\begin{align}iz&amp;=i(x+i…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p8?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 8, Exercise 1.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p8?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 8, Exercise 1.2

Solutions of Question 8 of Exercise 1.2 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. 

Question 8(i)
$|2 z-i|=4$$x$$y$$z=x+i y$$$|2z-i|=4.$$$z=x+i y$\begin{align}
&amp; |2(x+iy)-i|=4 \\
\implies &amp; |2x+i(2y-1)|=4 \\
\implies &amp; \sqrt{(2x)^2+(2y-1)^2}=4
\end{align}\begin{align}
&amp; (2x)^2+(2y-1)^2 = 16\\
\implies &amp; 4x^2+4y^2-4y+1-16=0 \\
\implies…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 9, Exercise 1.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-2-p9?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 9, Exercise 1.2

Solutions of Question 9 of Exercise 1.2 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. 

Question 9(i)
$(2+4 i)^{-1}$$z=2+4i$\begin{align}
Re(2+4i)^{-1} &amp; = Re(z^{-1}) = \dfrac{Re(z)}{|z|^2} \\
&amp; =\dfrac{2}{2^2+4^2} = \dfrac{2}{20}\\ 
&amp;= \dfrac{1}{10}.
\end{align}\begin{align}
Im(2+4i)^{-1} &amp; = Im(z^{-1}) = -\dfrac{Im(z)}{|z|^2} \\
&amp; =-\df…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-3-p1?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Exercise 1.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-3-p1?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Exercise 1.3

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 1.3 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. 

Question 1(i)
$z^{2}+169$\begin{align} 
&amp; z^{2} + 169 \\
= &amp; z^{2} - (13i)^2 \\
= &amp;(z + 13i)(z - 13i).
\end{align}$2 z^{2}+18$\begin{align}
&amp; 2z^2 + 18 \\
= &amp;2(z^2 - (3i)^2)\\ 
= &amp;2(z + 3i)(z - 3i)
\end{align}$3 z^{2}+363$\begin{align}
&amp; 3z^2 + 363 \\ …</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-3-p2?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2, Exercise 1.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-3-p2?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2, Exercise 1.3

Solutions of Question 2 of Exercise 1.3 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. 

Question 2(i)
$z^{2}-6 z+2=0$\begin{align} &amp; z^2 - 6z + 2 = 0 \\
\implies &amp; z^2 - 2(3)(z)+9-9+2=0 \\
\implies &amp; (z - 3)^2+7= 0 \\
\implies &amp;  (z - 3)^2 = 7.
\end{align}\begin{align} &amp;z - 3 = \pm \sqrt{7} \\
 \implies &amp;z = 3 \pm \sqrt{7}\end{align}$\{3 …</description>
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        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 3, Exercise 1.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-3-p3?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 3, Exercise 1.3

Solutions of Question 3 of Exercise 1.3 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. 

Question 3(i)
$\dfrac{1}{3} z^{2}+2 z-16=0$\begin{align}&amp;\dfrac{1}{3}z^{2}+2 z-16=0\\
\implies &amp;z^{2} + 6z - 48 = 0 \end{align}$$ z = \dfrac{{-b \pm \sqrt{{b^2 - 4ac}}}}{2a},$$$$a = 1,\quad  b = 6,\quad \text{and}\quad  c = -48.$$\begin{align} 
z&amp; = \d…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 4, Exercise 1.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-3-p4?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 4, Exercise 1.3

Solutions of Question 4 of Exercise 1.3 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. 

Question 4(i)
$(1-i) z+(1+i) \omega=3 ; 2 z-(2+5 i) \omega=2+3 i$\begin{align}
&amp;(1-i) z+(1+i) \omega=3 \quad \cdots(1)\\
&amp;2 z-(2+5 i) \omega=2+3i \quad\cdots(2)
\end{align}$2$\begin{align}
&amp;(2-2i)z+(2+2i) \omega=6  \quad \cdots (3)
\end{align}$(1-i)$\b…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-4-p1?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Exercise 1.4</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-4-p1?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Exercise 1.4

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 1.4 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. 

Question 1(i)
$2+i 2 \sqrt{3}$$z=x+iy=2 + i 2 \sqrt{3}$\begin{align} 
r &amp; = \sqrt{x^2 + y^2} = \sqrt{2^2 + (2\sqrt{3})^2} \\
 &amp; = \sqrt{4 + 12} = \sqrt{16} = 4.
\end{align}\begin{align}
\alpha &amp; = \tan^{-1}\left|\frac{y}{x}\right| = \tan^{-1}\left|\fra…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-4-p2?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2, Exercise 1.4</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-4-p2?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2, Exercise 1.4

Solutions of Question 2 of Exercise 1.4 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. 

Question 2(i)
$\left(\cos \dfrac{\pi}{6}+i \sin \dfrac{\pi}{6}\right)\left(\cos \dfrac{\pi}{3}+i \sin \dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)$$z_1=\cos \dfrac{\pi}{6}+i \sin \dfrac{\pi}{6}=e^{i\frac{\pi}{6}}$$z_2=\cos \dfrac{\pi}{3}+i \sin \dfrac{\pi}{3}=e^{i\frac{\pi}{…</description>
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        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 3, Exercise 1.4</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-4-p3?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 3, Exercise 1.4

Solutions of Question 3 of Exercise 1.4 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. 

Question 3(i)
$\left(x_{1}+i y_{1}\right)\left(x_{2}+i y_{2}\right)\left(x_{3}+i y_{3}\right) \ldots\left(x_{n}+i y_{n}\right)=a+i b$$\left(x_{1}^{2}+y_{1}^{2}\right)\left(x_{2}^{2}+y_{2}^{2}\right)\left(x_{3}^{2}+y_{3}^{2}\right) \ldots\left(x_{n}^{2}…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-4-p5?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5, Exercise 1.4</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-4-p5?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5, Exercise 1.4

Solutions of Question 5 of Exercise 1.4 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. 

Question 5
$\cos \alpha+\cos \beta+\cos \gamma=\sin \alpha+\sin \beta+\sin \gamma=0$$\cos 3 \alpha+\cos 3 \beta+\cos 3 \gamma=3 \cos (\alpha+\beta+\gamma)$$\sin 3 \alpha+\sin 3 \beta+\sin 3 \gamma=3 \sin (\alpha+\beta+\gamma)$\begin{align}
\cos \alpha …</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 6(i-ix), Exercise 1.4</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-4-p6?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 6(i-ix), Exercise 1.4

Solutions of Question 6(i-ix) of Exercise 1.4 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\sqrt{2}\left(\cos 315^{\circ}+i \sin 315^{\circ}\right)$\begin{align}
&amp;\sqrt{2}\left(\cos 315^{\circ}+i \sin 315^{\circ}\right) \\
=&amp; \sqrt{2} \left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{i}{\sqrt{2}} \right) \\
=&amp; 1-i.
\end{align}$5\left(\cos 210^{\ci…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 7, Exercise 1.4</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-4-p8?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 7, Exercise 1.4

Solutions of Question 7 of Exercise 1.4 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. 

Question 7(i)
$\arg (z-1)=-\dfrac{\pi}{4}$$z=x+iy$\begin{align*}
&amp;\arg (z-1)=-\dfrac{\pi}{4} \\
\implies &amp; \arg(x+iy-1) = -\dfrac{\pi}{4} \\
\implies &amp; \arg(x-1+iy) = -\dfrac{\pi}{4} \\
\implies &amp; \tan^{-1}\left(\dfrac{y}{x-1}\right) = -\dfrac{\pi}{4} …</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 8, Exercise 1.4</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-4-p9?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 8, Exercise 1.4

Solutions of Question 8 of Exercise 1.4 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. 

Question 8(i)
$0.004 \mathrm{~mm}$$\dfrac{\pi}{4}$$$x_{\max}=0.004, \quad \theta=\dfrac{\pi}{4}.$$\begin{align}
x&amp;=x_{\max} e^{i\theta} \\
&amp;=0.004 e^{i\dfrac{\pi}{4}} \\
&amp;=\frac{4}{1000} \left(\cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right) +i \sin\left(\dfrac{\pi}{4}…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 9, Exercise 1.4</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-4-p10?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 9, Exercise 1.4

Solutions of Question 9 of Exercise 1.4 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. 

Question 9(i)
$x=2+3 i$$x_{\max }=1+4 i$$\mathrm{t}=0$$$x=2+3i$$$$x_{\max}=1+4 i$$$$\implies x=x_{\max} e^{i\theta}$$$$2+3i=(1+4 i) e^{i\theta}$$\begin{align}
\implies e^{i\theta}&amp;=\dfrac{2+3i}{1+4i} \\
&amp;=\dfrac{(2+3i)(1-4i)}{(1+4i)(1-4i)} \\
&amp;=\dfrac{…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 10, Exercise 1.4</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/ex1-4-p11?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 10, Exercise 1.4

Solutions of Question 10 of Exercise 1.4 of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. 

Question 10(i)
$Z$$E=(-50+100 i)$$I=(-6-2 i)$$E=(-50+100 i)$$I=(-6-2 i)$$$ E = I \times Z $$$$(-50+100 i)= (-6-2 i) \times Z $$\begin{align}
\implies Z &amp; = \dfrac{-50+100 i}{-6-2 i} \\
&amp; = \dfrac{(-50+100 i)(-6+2i)}{(-6-2 i)(-6+2i)}\\
&amp; = \dfrac{300-…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Review Exercise</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/re-ex-p1?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Review Exercise

Solutions of Question 1 of Review Exercise of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\operatorname{part}(\mathrm{s})$$z$$z$$(0,0)$$(1,0)$$(0,1)$$(1,1)$$z$$|z|$$1 / z$$-z$$\bar{z}$$x$$y$$x y$$z_{1}=3+2 i$$z_{2}=5+6 i$$z_{1}&gt;z_{2}$$z_{1}&lt;z_{2}$$\overline{z_{1}}=\overline{z_{2}}$$\overline{z_{1}}=-\overline{z_{2}}$$\mathrm{z}=3+4 i$$…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2, Review Exercise</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/re-ex-p2?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2, Review Exercise

Solutions of Question 2 of Review Exercise of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $i^{2}+i^{4}+i^{6}+\cdots+i^{100}$\begin{align*}
&amp; i^{2}+i^{4}+i^{6}+\ldots+i^{100} \\
=&amp; i^2 + (i^2)^2 + (i^2)^3 + (i^2)^4 + \ldots +(i^2)^{49} +(i^2)^{50} \\
=&amp; -1 + (-1)^2 + (-1)^3 + (-1)^4 + \ldots + (-1)^{49}+(-1)^{50} \\
=&amp; -1+1-1+1- \ldots -…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 3, Review Exercise</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit01/re-ex-p3?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 3, Review Exercise

Solutions of Question 3 of Review Exercise of Unit 01: Complex Numbers. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $3 x^{2}+108$\begin{align*}
&amp; 3 x^{2}+108\\
=&amp;3 (x^{2}+36)\\
=&amp;3 (x^{2}-(6i)^2)\\
=&amp;3 (x+6i)(x-6i)
\end{align*}$4 x^{2}+40$\begin{align*}
&amp;4 x^{2}+40\\
=&amp;4 (x^{2}+10)\\
=&amp;4 (x^{2}+(\sqrt{10}i)^2)\\
=&amp;4 (x+\sqrt{10}i)(x-\sqrt{10}i)
\end{align*}</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Exercise 2.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-1-p1?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Exercise 2.1

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 2.1 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $A=\left[\begin{array}{lll}1 &amp; 3 &amp; 0 \\ 2 &amp; 0 &amp; 1\end{array}\right]$\begin{align}\text{Order of A}&amp;= 2\times 3\end{align}$B=\left[\begin{array}{ll}1 &amp; 2 \\ 2 &amp; 3 \\ 3 &amp; 4\end{array}\right]$\begin{align}\text{Order of B}&amp;= 3\times 2\end{align}$C…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2, Exercise 2.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-1-p2?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2, Exercise 2.1

Solutions of Question 2 of Exercise 2.1 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\quad A=\left[\begin{array}{lll}3 &amp; 6 &amp; 2 \\ 2 &amp; 1 &amp; 9\end{array}\right]$$B=\left[\begin{array}{ll}\frac{1}{3} &amp; 1 \\ 2 &amp; 6\end{array}\right]$$C=\left[\begin{array}{l}3 \\ 2 \\ 8\end{array}\right]$$D=\left[\begin{array}{lll}1 &amp; 6 &amp; 9 \\ 2 &amp; 0 …</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 4, Exercise 2.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-1-p4?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 4, Exercise 2.1

Solutions of Question 4 of Exercise 2.1 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $$
A=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}
2 &amp; 0 \\
\sqrt{5} &amp; 6 \\
1 &amp; 9
\end{array}\right]$$$$
A^t=\begin{bmatrix}
2 &amp; \sqrt{5} &amp; 1 \\
0 &amp; 6 &amp; 9
\end{bmatrix}$$$$B=\left[\begin{array}{cccc}
1 &amp; 6 &amp; 2 &amp; 0
\end{array}\right] $$$$B^t=\left[\begin{array}{c}
1…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-2-p1?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Exercise 2.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-2-p1?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Exercise 2.2

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 2.2 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $A=\left[a_{i j}\right]$$2 \times 2$$a_{i j}=\dfrac{i+3 j}{2}$\( a_{ij} = \dfrac{i + 3j}{2} \)\( i = 1, j = 1 \)\[
a_{11} = \dfrac{1 + 3 \cdot 1}{2} = \dfrac{1 + 3}{2} = \dfrac{4}{2} = 2
\]\( i = 1, j = 2 \)\[
a_{12} = \dfrac{1 + 3 \cdot 2}{2} …</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-2-p4?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 4, Exercise 2.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-2-p4?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 4, Exercise 2.2

Solutions of Question 4 of Exercise 2.2 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $A$\begin{align}\left[\begin{array}{cc} 2 &amp; 1 \\  3 &amp; 2 \end{array}\right]A\left[\begin{array}{cc} 1 &amp; 3 \\  2 &amp; 4 \end{array}\right]&amp;=\left[\begin{array}{cc} 1 &amp; 0 \\  0 &amp; 1 \end{array}\right]\end{align}$ B = \left[\begin{array}{cc} 2 &amp; 1 \\ 3…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-2-p7?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 7, Exercise 2.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-2-p7?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 7, Exercise 2.2

Solutions of Question 7 of Exercise 2.2 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $A=\left[\begin{array}{ll}x &amp; 0 \\ y &amp; 1\end{array}\right]$$n, A^{n}=\left[\begin{array}{cc}x^{n} &amp; 0 \\ \dfrac{y\left(x^{n}-1\right)}{x-1} &amp; 1\end{array}\right]$$$A = \begin{bmatrix} x &amp; 0 \\ y &amp; 1 \end{bmatrix}.$$$n = 1$\begin{align}A^1 =\beg…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-3-p1?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Exercise 2.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-3-p1?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Exercise 2.3

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 2.3 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\left[\begin{array}{ccc}2 &amp; 3 &amp; 1 \\ 1 &amp; -1 &amp; 2 \\ 4 &amp; 1 &amp; 2\end{array}\right]$\begin{align*}
A &amp;= \left[\begin{array}{ccc}2 &amp; 3 &amp; 1 \\ 1 &amp; -1 &amp; 2 \\ 4 &amp; 1 &amp; 2\end{array}\right]\\
|A|&amp;=2(-2-2)-3(2-8)+1(1+4)\\
\implies |A|&amp;=-8+18+5\\
\implies |…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-3-p2?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2, Exercise 2.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-3-p2?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2, Exercise 2.3

Solutions of Question 2 of Exercise 2.3 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\left[\begin{array}{lll}3 &amp; 2 &amp; 3 \\ 4 &amp; 5 &amp; 1 \\ 2 &amp; 1 &amp; 0\end{array}\right]$\(R_1\)\(a_{11} = 3\)\(a_{12} = 2\)\(a_{13} = 3\)\begin{align*}
A &amp;= \left[\begin{array}{ccc} 3 &amp; 2 &amp; 3 \\ 4 &amp; 5 &amp; 1 \\ 2 &amp; 1 &amp; 0 \end{array}\right]\\
&amp; A_{11} = (-1…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-3-p3?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 3, Exercise 2.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-3-p3?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 3, Exercise 2.3

Solutions of Question 3 of Exercise 2.3 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\left[\begin{array}{ccc}3 &amp; 1 &amp; 2 \\ 2 &amp; 3 &amp; 1 \\ -4 &amp; 1 &amp; -3\end{array}\right]$\begin{align*}
A &amp;= \left[\begin{array}{ccc} 3 &amp; 1 &amp; 2 \\ 2 &amp; 3 &amp; 1 \\ -4 &amp; 1 &amp; -3\end{array}\right]\end{align*}\(3 \times 3\)\begin{align*}
|A| &amp;= 3(3 \cdot (-3) …</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-3-p4?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 4, Exercise 2.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-3-p4?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 4, Exercise 2.3

Solutions of Question 4 of Exercise 2.3 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\lambda$$\left[\begin{array}{lll}\lambda &amp; 1 &amp; 3 \\ 2 &amp; 1 &amp; 8 \\ 0 &amp; 3 &amp; 1\end{array}\right]$\begin{align*}
A &amp;= \left[\begin{array}{ccc}
\lambda &amp; 1 &amp; 3 \\
2 &amp; 1 &amp; 8 \\
0 &amp; 3 &amp; 1
\end{array}\right]\\
|A| &amp;= \lambda \cdot (-23) - 1 \cdot 2 + 3…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-3-p5?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5, Exercise 2.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-3-p5?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5, Exercise 2.3

Solutions of Question 5 of Exercise 2.3 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\left[\begin{array}{ccc}1 &amp; -1 &amp; 1 \\ 2 &amp; 1 &amp; -1 \\ 1 &amp; -2 &amp; -1\end{array}\right]$\begin{align*}
A &amp;= \left[\begin{array}{ccc}
1 &amp; -1 &amp; 1 \\
2 &amp; 1 &amp; -1 \\
1 &amp; -2 &amp; -1
\end{array}\right]\\
|A|&amp;=  1 [-1 - 2] + 1 [-2 + 1] + 1 [-4 - 1] \\
&amp;= 1 \cd…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-3-p7?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 7, Exercise 2.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-3-p7?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 7, Exercise 2.3

Solutions of Question 7 of Exercise 2.3 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $(A B)^{-1}=B^{-1} A^{-1}$$A=\left[\begin{array}{ll}2 &amp; 1 \\ 8 &amp; 6\end{array}\right]$$B=\left[\begin{array}{ll}3 &amp; 2 \\ 0 &amp; 2\end{array}\right]$\begin{align*}
A &amp;= \left[\begin{array}{ll}2 &amp; 1 \\ 8 &amp; 6\end{array}\right] \\	
|A|&amp; = 12 - 8 = 4\\	…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-5-p1?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Exercise 2.5</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-5-p1?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Exercise 2.5

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 2.5 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\left[\begin{array}{ccc}1 &amp; 3 &amp; 5 \\ -6 &amp; 8 &amp; 3 \\ -4 &amp; 6 &amp; 5\end{array}\right]$\begin{align*}
&amp; \quad \left[\begin{array}{ccc}1 &amp; 3 &amp; 5 \\ -6 &amp; 8 &amp; 3 \\ -4 &amp; 6 &amp; 5\end{array}\right]\\
\sim &amp; \text{R}
\left[\begin{array}{ccc}
1 &amp; 3 &amp; 5 \\
0 &amp; …</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-5-p2?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2, Exercise 2.5</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-5-p2?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2, Exercise 2.5

Solutions of Question 2 of Exercise 2.5 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\left[\begin{array}{ccc}5 &amp; 9 &amp; 3 \\ 3 &amp; -5 &amp; 6 \\ 2 &amp; 10 &amp; 6\end{array}\right]$\begin{align*}&amp;\quad\left[ \begin{array}{ccc}
5 &amp; 9 &amp; 3 \\ 
3 &amp; -5 &amp; 6 \\ 
2 &amp; 10 &amp; 6 
\end{array} \right]\\
\sim &amp; \text{R}\left[ \begin{array}{ccc}
1 &amp; \frac{9}{…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-5-p3?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 3, Exercise 2.5</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-5-p3?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 3, Exercise 2.5

Solutions of Question 3 of Exercise 2.5 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\left[\begin{array}{ccc}0 &amp; -1 &amp; -1 \\ -1 &amp; 3 &amp; 0 \\ 1 &amp; -1 &amp; 4\end{array}\right]$$A A^{-1}=A^{-1} A=I$\begin{align*}
A&amp;=\left[ \begin{array}{ccc}
0 &amp; -1 &amp; -1  \\ 
-1 &amp; 3 &amp; 0  \\ 
1 &amp; -1 &amp; 4 
\end{array} \right]\\
|A|&amp;=0+1(-4)-1(1-3)\\
&amp;=-4+3\…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-6-p4?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 4, Exercise 2.6</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-6-p4?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 4, Exercise 2.6

Solutions of Question 4 of Exercise 2.6 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $2 x_{1}-x_{2}-x_{3}=2$$3 x_{1}-4 x_{2}+3 x_{3}=7$$4 x_{1}+2 x_{2}-5 x_{3}=10$\begin{align*}
2x_1 - x_2 - x_3 &amp;= 2, \\
3x_1 - 4x_2 + 3x_3 &amp;= 7, \\
4x_1 + 2x_2 - 5x_3 &amp;= 10,
\end{align*}\begin{align*}	
A_b &amp;= \begin{bmatrix}
2 &amp; -1 &amp; -1 &amp; : &amp; 2 …</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-6-p5?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5, Exercise 2.6</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-6-p5?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5, Exercise 2.6

Solutions of Question 5 of Exercise 2.6 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $x_{1}+x_{2}+2 x_{3}=8$$-x_{1}-2 x_{2}+3 x_{3}=1$$3 x_{1}-7 x_{2}+4 x_{3}=10$$A X=B$\begin{align*}
&amp;A = \begin{bmatrix}
1 &amp; 1 &amp; 2 \\
-1 &amp; -2 &amp; 3 \\
3 &amp; -7 &amp; 4
\end{bmatrix}, \quad
X = \begin{bmatrix}
x_1 \\
x_2 \\
x_3
\end{bmatrix}, \quad
B = \…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-6-p6?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 6, Exercise 2.6</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/ex2-6-p6?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 6, Exercise 2.6

Solutions of Question 6 of Exercise 2.6 of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $5 x+3 y+z=6$$2 x+y+3 z=19$$x+2 y+4 z=25$\begin{align*}
A &amp;= \begin{bmatrix}
5 &amp; 3 &amp; 1 \\
2 &amp; 1 &amp; 3 \\
1 &amp; 2 &amp; 4
\end{bmatrix}, \quad
X = \begin{bmatrix}
x \\
y \\
z
\end{bmatrix}, \quad
B = \begin{bmatrix}
6 \\
19 \\
25
\end{bmatrix}
\end{alig…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/re-ex-p1?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Review Exercise</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit02/re-ex-p1?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Review Exercise

Solutions of Question 1 of Review Exercise of Unit 02: Matrices and Determinants. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $A$$m \times n$$B$$n \times p$$A B$$n \times p$$m \times p$$p \times m$$n \times n$$A$$1 \times n$$A^{t} A$$1 \times n$$n \times 1$$1 \times 1$$n \times n$$a_{i j}$$A$$a_{i j}=(-1)^{i+j} A_{i j}$$a_{i j}=(-1)^{i+j} M_{i j}$$\frac{A_{i j}}…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit04/ex4-2-p1?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Exercise 4.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit04/ex4-2-p1?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Exercise 4.2

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 4.2 of Unit 04: Sequence and Series. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $a_{1}=4, d=3$$a_1= 4$$d=3$$$a_n = a_1 + (n - 1)d.$$\begin{align*}
a_2&amp;=4+(2-1)3=4+3=7\\
a_3 &amp;= 4+ (3-1) 3 = 4 + 6 = 10\\
a_4&amp;=4+(4-1)3=4+9=13
\end{align*}$a_1=4$$a_2=7$$a_3=10$$a_4=13$$a_1=7$$d=5$$a_1= 7$$d=5$$$a_n = a_1 + (n - 1)d.$$\begin{align*}
…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit04/ex4-2-p2?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2, Exercise 4.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit04/ex4-2-p2?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2, Exercise 4.2

Solutions of Question 2 of Exercise 4.2 of Unit 04: Sequence and Series. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $5,9,13, \ldots$$$5, 9, 13, \ldots $$$a_1=5$$d=9-5=4$$$a_n=a_1+(n-1)d.$$\begin{align*}
a_4 &amp;=5+(4-1)(4)=5+12=17\\
a_5 &amp;=5+(5-1)(4)=5+16=21\\
a_6 &amp;=5+(6-1)(4)=5+20=25
\end{align*}$17$$21$$25$$11,14,17, \ldots$$$11, 14, 17, \ldots$$$a_1=11$$d=14-11=3$$…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit04/ex4-2-p8?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:13:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 13, Exercise 4.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit04/ex4-2-p8?rev=1737476039&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 13, Exercise 4.2

Solutions of Question 13 of Exercise 4.2 of Unit 04: Sequence and Series. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $7$$17$$a=7$$b=17$\begin{align*}
\text{A.M.} &amp;= \frac{a + b}{2}\\
&amp;= \frac{7 + 17}{2} \\
&amp;= \frac{24}{2} = 12.
\end{align*}$12$$3+3 \sqrt{2}$$7-3 \sqrt{2}$$a=3+3\sqrt{2}$$b=7-3\sqrt{2}$\begin{align*}
\text{A.M.} &amp;= \frac{a + b}{2}\\
&amp;= \frac{(3 + 3…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit04/ex4-5-p7?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:00+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 14, Exercise 4.5</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit04/ex4-5-p7?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 14, Exercise 4.5

Solutions of Question 14 of Exercise 4.5 of Unit 04: Sequence and Series. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $0.444...$$$0.444... = 0.4+0.04+0.004+...$$$a_1=0.4$$r=\frac{0.04}{0.4}=0.1$$|r|=0.1 &lt; 1$\begin{align*}
S-\infty &amp; = \frac{a_1}{1-r} \\
&amp; = \frac{0.4}{1.0.1} = \frac{0.4}{0.9} \\
&amp; = \frac{4}{9}.
\end{align*}$S_{\infty} =\dfrac{4}{9}$$9.99999 ...$$…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:00+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Exercise 5.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit05/ex5-1-p1?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Exercise 5.1

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 5.1 of Unit 05: Polynomials. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. 

Question 1(i)
$2 x^{3}+3 x^{2}-4 x+1$$x+2$$p(x)=2 x^{3}+3 x^{2}-4 x+1$$x-c=x+2 \implies c=-2$\begin{align*}
\text{Remainder} &amp; = p(c) = p(-2) \\
&amp; = 2(-2)^{3}+3 (-2)^{2}-4 (-2)+1 \\
&amp; = -16+12+8+1 \\
&amp;= 5.
\end{align*}$x^{4}+2 x^{3}-x^{2}+2 x+3$$x-2$\( p(x…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:00+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Review Exercise</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit05/re-ex-p1?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Review Exercise

Solutions of Question 1 of Review Exercise of Unit 05: Polynomials. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. 

Question 1
$-2-x+x^{2}$$(x-2)(x-1)$$(x+1)(x+2)$$(x+2)(x-1)$$(x+1)(x-2)$$9 y^{2}+9 y-10$$3 y-2$$ 0$$1$$2$$3$$\frac{x^{2}-x-9}{x-3}=x+2+\frac{?}{x-3}$$-27$$-3$$\frac{3}{x-3}+x+2$$ 3$$3 x^{3}-2 x^{2}+5$$x+1$$x+1$$x^{3}+5 x^{2}-4 x+k$$k$$-4$$-20$$20$$0$$…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Exercise 8.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/ex8-1-p1?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Exercise 8.1

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 8.1 of Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\cos (\alpha \pm \beta), \sin (\alpha \pm \beta)$$\tan (\alpha \pm \beta)$$\alpha=180^{\circ}, \beta=60^{\circ}$$\alpha=180^{\circ}$$\beta=60^{\circ}$\begin{align*}
 \cos (\alpha + \beta) &amp; = \cos \alpha \cos \beta - \sin \alpha \sin \beta \…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 4, Exercise 8.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/ex8-1-p4?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 4, Exercise 8.1

Solutions of Question 4 of Exercise 8.1 of Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\cos 6 \theta \cos 3 \theta-\sin 6 \theta \sin 3 \theta$\begin{align*}
&amp; \cos 6 \theta \cos 3 \theta-\sin 6 \theta \sin 3 \theta \\
&amp; = \cos (6\theta +3\theta) \\
&amp; = \cos 9\theta .
\end{align*}$\cos 7 \theta \cos 2 \theta+\sin 7 \theta \sin…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 9, Exercise 8.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/ex8-1-p8?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 9, Exercise 8.1

Solutions of Question 9 of Exercise 8.1 of Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\alpha$$\beta$$\sin \alpha=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$$\cos \beta=-\dfrac{3}{5}$$\sin (\alpha \pm \beta)$$\sin \alpha=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$$\alpha$$\cos \beta=-\dfrac{3}{5}$$\beta$$$\cos \alpha=\pm \sqrt{1-\sin^2\alpha}.$$$\alpha$$\cos$\begin{align*…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 10, Exercise 8.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/ex8-1-p9?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 10, Exercise 8.1

Solutions of Question 10 of Exercise 8.1 of Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\sin \left(\dfrac{\pi}{2}-\alpha\right)=\cos \alpha$\begin{align*}
L.H.S &amp; = \sin \left(\frac{\pi}{2}-\alpha\right) \\
&amp; =\sin\frac{\pi}{2} \cos \alpha - \cos \frac{\pi}{2} \sin\alpha \\
&amp; = 1\times \cos \alpha - 0 \times \sin\alpha \\
&amp; =…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/ex8-1-p10?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff">
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:00+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 11, Exercise 8.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/ex8-1-p10?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 11, Exercise 8.1

Solutions of Question 11 of Exercise 8.1 of Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\dfrac{\sin \left(180^{\circ}+\lambda\right) \cos \left(270^{\circ}+\lambda\right)}{\sin \left(180^{\circ}-\lambda\right) \cos \left(270^{\circ}-\lambda\right)}=1$\begin{align*}
L.H.S &amp; = \dfrac{\sin \left(180^{\circ}+\lambda\right) \cos \…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:00+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 12, Exercise 8.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/ex8-1-p11?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 12, Exercise 8.1

Solutions of Question 12 of Exercise 8.1 of Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\alpha+\beta+\gamma=180^{\circ}$$\tan \alpha+\tan \beta+\tan \gamma=\tan \alpha \tan \beta \tan \gamma$$$\alpha+\beta+\gamma=180^{\circ}$$\begin{align*}
&amp; \alpha+\beta=180^{\circ}-\gamma \\
\implies &amp; \tan(\alpha+\beta) = \tan(180^{\circ}-…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:00+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 13, Exercise 8.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/ex8-1-p12?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 13, Exercise 8.1

Solutions of Question 13 of Exercise 8.1 of Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $r \sin (\theta+\phi)$$12 \sin \theta-5 \cos \theta$$12=r\cos \varphi $$-5=r\sin \varphi$\begin{align*}
&amp; (12)^2+(-5)^2=r^2 \cos^2\varphi+r^2 \sin^2 \varphi \\
\implies &amp; 144+25={{r}^{2}}\left( {{\cos }^{2}}\varphi +{{\sin }^{2}}\varphi  \r…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:00+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 4 Exercise 8.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/ex8-2-p2?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 4 Exercise 8.2

Solutions of Question 4 of Exercise 8.2 of Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\sin 2 \theta$$\cos 2 \theta$$\tan 2 \theta$$\sin \frac{\theta}{2}$$\cos \frac{\theta}{2}$$\tan \frac{\theta}{2}$$\cos \theta=\frac{3}{5}$$0&lt;\theta&lt;\frac{\pi}{2}$$\cos\theta=\dfrac{3}{5}$$0&lt;\theta&lt;\dfrac{\pi}{2}$$\theta$$$\sin\theta = \pm \sq…</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:00+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5 Exercise 8.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/ex8-2-p3?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5 Exercise 8.2

Solutions of Question 5 of Exercise 8.2 of Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\sin \theta$$\cos \theta$$\tan \theta$$\sin 2 \theta=\frac{24}{25}, 2 \theta$$\sin 2\theta=\dfrac{24}{25}$$2\theta$$$\cos 2\theta = \pm \sqrt{1-\sin^2 2\theta}$$$2\theta$$\cos 2\theta$\begin{align*}\cos 2\theta &amp; = - \sqrt{1-\sin^2 2\theta}\\…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 6 Exercise 8.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/ex8-2-p4?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 6 Exercise 8.2

Solutions of Question 6 of Exercise 8.2 of Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\sin 15^{\circ} \cos 15^{\circ}$$$\sin 2 \theta = 2\sin\theta \cos\theta$$$$\sin\theta \cos\theta = \frac{1}{2}\sin 2\theta$$$\theta = 15^{\circ}$\begin{align*}
\sin 15^{\circ} \cos 15^{\circ} &amp; = \frac{1}{2}\sin 2(15^{\circ}) \\
&amp; \frac{1}{2…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 8(iv, v &amp; vi) Exercise 8.2</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/ex8-2-p7?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 8(iv, v &amp; vi) Exercise 8.2

Solutions of Question 8(iv, v &amp; vi) of Exercise 8.2 of Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\csc 2 \alpha=\dfrac{\tan \alpha+\cot \alpha}{2}$\begin{align*}
RHS &amp; = \dfrac{\tan \alpha+\cot \alpha}{2} \\
&amp; = \dfrac{1}{2}\left(\frac{\sin\alpha}{\cos\alpha}+\frac{\cos\alpha}{\sin\alpha} \right)\\
\end{align*}$8 \…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1(v, vi, vii &amp; viii) Exercise 8.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/ex8-3-p2?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1(v, vi, vii &amp; viii) Exercise 8.3

Solutions of Question 1(v, vi, vii &amp; viii) of Exercise 8.3 of Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $ \sin(-u) \sin 5u$\begin{align*}
&amp;\sin(-u) \sin 5u \\
=&amp; -\sin u \sin 5u \\
=&amp; -\frac{1}{2}[\cos(u - 5u) - \cos(u + 5u)] \\
= &amp;-\frac{1}{2}[\cos(-4u) - \cos(6u)] \\
=&amp; \frac{1}{2}[\cos(6u) - \cos(4u) ]
\e…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1(ix, x &amp; xi) Exercise 8.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/ex8-3-p3?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1(ix, x &amp; xi) Exercise 8.3

Solutions of Question 1(ix, x &amp; xi) of Exercise 8.3 of Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $2 \sin 75{\circ} \sin 15{\circ}$\begin{align*}
&amp;\quad2 \sin 75^{\circ} \sin 15^{\circ} \\
&amp;= \cos(75^{\circ} - 15^{\circ}) - \cos(75^{\circ} + 15^{\circ}) \\
&amp;= \cos 60^{\circ} - \cos 90^{\circ} \\
\end{align*}$4 \sin …</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 3(vi, vii, viii, ix &amp; x) Exercise 8.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/ex8-3-p6?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 3(vi, vii, viii, ix &amp; x) Exercise 8.3

Solutions of Question 3(vi, vii, viii, ix &amp; x) of Exercise 8.3 of Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $2\tan y \cos 3y= \sec y(\sin 4y-\sin 2y)$\begin{align*}
LHS &amp; = 2\tan y \cos 3y \\
&amp; = 2 \cdot \frac{\sin y}{\cos y} \cos 3y \\
&amp; = \sec y (2 \cos 3y \sin y) \\
&amp; = \sec y \left(\sin (3y+y)-\sin (…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 4 Exercise 8.3</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/ex8-3-p8?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 4 Exercise 8.3

Solutions of Question 4 of Exercise 8.3 of Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\cos 80^{\circ} \cos 60^{\circ} \cos 40^{\circ} \cos 20^{\circ}=\dfrac{1}{16}$\begin{align*}
LHS &amp;= \cos 80^\circ \cos 60^\circ \cos 40^\circ \cos 20^\circ \\
&amp;= \cos 80^\circ \left(\frac{1}{2}\right) \cos 40^\circ \cos 20^\circ \\
&amp;= \frac{1…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Review Exercise</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/re-ex-p1?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Review Exercise

Solutions of Question 1 of Review Exercise of Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\sin \left(45^{\circ}-30^{\circ}\right)=\ldots$$\frac{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}}{4}$$\frac{\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}}{4}$$\frac{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}}{2}$$\frac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{2}$$\tan \left(\frac{\pi}{6}+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=\ldots$$\frac{\sqrt{3}-1}…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 3, Review Exercise</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/re-ex-p3?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 3, Review Exercise

Solutions of Question 3 of Review Exercise of Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(\sin \beta+\cos \beta)$\begin{align*}
&amp;\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(\sin \beta+\cos \beta)\\
=&amp; \sin \frac{\pi}{4}\sin \beta+\cos \frac{\pi}{4}\cos \beta\\
=&amp; \cos(\beta -\frac{\pi}{4})
\end{align*}$\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \sin 75^…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 4, Review Exercise</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/re-ex-p4?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 4, Review Exercise

Solutions of Question 4 of Review Exercise of Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\dfrac{1+\tan 15^{\circ}}{1-\tan 15^{\circ}}$\begin{align*}
&amp;\frac{1+\tan 15^{\circ}}{1-\tan 15^{\circ}}\\
=&amp;\frac{1+\tan 15^{\circ}}{1-1 \cdot \tan 15^{\circ}}\\
=&amp;\frac{\tan 45^{\circ} + \tan 15^{\circ}}{1 - \tan 45^{\circ} \tan 15^{…</description>
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        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5 and 6, Review Exercise</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/re-ex-p5?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5 and 6, Review Exercise

Solutions of Question 5 and 6 of Review Exercise of Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\tan \theta$$\tan \left(\theta-45^{\circ}\right)=\frac{1}{3}$\begin{align*}
&amp; \frac{\tan \theta - \tan 45^{\circ}}{1 + \tan \theta \cdot \tan 45^{\circ}} =\frac{1}{3}\\
\implies &amp; \frac{\tan \theta - 1}{1 + \tan \theta}= \f…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/re-ex-p6?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:00+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 7, Review Exercise</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/re-ex-p6?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 7, Review Exercise

Solutions of Question 7 of Review Exercise of Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\dfrac{4 \sin ^{2} \theta \cos \theta}{\cos 3 \theta+\cos \theta}=\tan 2 \theta \tan \theta$\begin{align*}
LHS&amp;=\frac{4 \sin^2 \theta \cos \theta}{\cos 3 \theta + \cos \theta}\\
&amp;=\frac{4 \sin \theta\sin \theta \cos \theta}{4\cos^ 3 \t…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/re-ex-p7?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:00+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 8, Review Exercise</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/re-ex-p7?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 8, Review Exercise

Solutions of Question 8 of Review Exercise of Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $$\sqrt{\frac{\cos \left(90^{\circ}+x\right) \sec (-x) \tan \left(180^{\circ}-x\right)}{\sec \left(360^{\circ}-x\right) \sin \left(180^{\circ}+x\right) \cot \left(90^{\circ}-x\right)}}=i .$$\begin{align*}
LHS&amp;= \sqrt{\frac{\cos \left(90…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/re-ex-p9?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:00+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 10, Review Exercise</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit08/re-ex-p9?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 10, Review Exercise

Solutions of Question 10 of Review Exercise of Unit 08: Fundamental of Trigonometry. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\sin (16 x)=16 \sin (x) \cos (x) \cos (2 x) \cos (4 x) \cos (8 x)$\begin{align*}
RHS&amp;=16 \sin (x) \cos (x) \cos (2 x) \cos (4 x) \cos (8 x) \\
&amp;= 8(2 \sin (x) \cos (x) )\cos (2 x) \cos (4 x) \cos (8 x) \\
&amp;=  8 \sin2 (x) \cos (2 x) \…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit09/ex9-1-p1?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:00+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1, Exercise 9.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit09/ex9-1-p1?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1, Exercise 9.1

Solutions of Question 1 of Exercise 9.1 of Unit 09: Trigonometric Functions. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $y=2-2 \operatorname{Cos} \theta$\begin{align*} -1 \leq \operatorname{Cos} \theta \leq 1 \end{align*}$-2$\begin{align*} &amp; 2 \geq -2 \operatorname{Cos} \theta \geq -2 \end{align*}$2$\begin{align*}
 &amp; 4 \geq 2-2 \operatorname{Cos} \theta \geq 0 \\
…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit09/ex9-1-p3?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:00+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 3, Exercise 9.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit09/ex9-1-p3?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 3, Exercise 9.1

Solutions of Question 3 of Exercise 9.1 of Unit 09: Trigonometric Functions. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $y=7 \cos 4x$\begin{align*} 
&amp; -1\leq \cos 4x \leq 1 \,\, \forall \,\, x\in \mathbb{R} \\
\implies &amp; -7\leq 7 \cos 4x \leq 7 \\
\end{align*}$= ]-\infty, \infty[ = \mathbb{R}$$=[-7,7]$$y=\cos \frac{x}{3}$\begin{align*} 
&amp; -1\leq \cos \frac{x}{3} \…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit09/ex9-1-p4?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:00+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 4(i-iv), Exercise 9.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit09/ex9-1-p4?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 4(i-iv), Exercise 9.1

Solutions of Question 4(i-iv) of Exercise 9.1 of Unit 09: Trigonometric Functions. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $y=\sin x+x \cdot \cos x$$f(x)=\sin x+x \cdot \cos x$\begin{align*} f(-x)  = \sin (-x) + (-x)\cdot \cos (-x) \end{align*}$\sin(-x)=-\sin x$$\cos (-x) = \cos x$\begin{align*}
f(x) &amp; = -\sin x - x \cdot \cos x \\
&amp; = -(\sin x + x \cdot …</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit09/ex9-1-p6?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:00+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 5(i-v), Exercise 9.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit09/ex9-1-p6?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 5(i-v), Exercise 9.1

Solutions of Question 5(i-v) of Exercise 9.1 of Unit 09: Trigonometric Functions. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $y=2 \operatorname{Sin} x$$y=2 \operatorname{Cos} 3 x$$y=2 \operatorname{Tan} 2 x$$\mathrm{y}=\operatorname{Cos} \frac{\mathrm{x}}{2}$</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit09/ex9-1-p8?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:00+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 6, Exercise 9.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit09/ex9-1-p8?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 6, Exercise 9.1

Solutions of Question 6 of Exercise 9.1 of Unit 09: Trigonometric Functions. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $y=6 \sec(2 x-3)$$\sec$$2\pi$\begin{align*}
6 \sec(2 x-3) &amp; = 6 \sec(2 x-3+2\pi) \\
&amp; = 6 \sec(2(x+\pi)-3)
\end{align*}$6 \sec(2 x-3)$$\pi$$y=\cos (5 x+4)$$\cos$$2\pi$\begin{align*}
\cos (5 x+4) &amp; = 6 \cos(5x+4+2\pi) \\
&amp; = \cos\left(5\left(x+\fr…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit09/ex9-1-p10?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:00+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 9, Exercise 9.1</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit09/ex9-1-p10?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 9, Exercise 9.1

Solutions of Question 9 of Exercise 9.1 of Unit 09: Trigonometric Functions. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\sin x=\cos x$$\cos x=x$$\sin x=x$$\tan x=x$</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit09/re-ex-p1?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:00+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 1,Review Exercise</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit09/re-ex-p1?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 1,Review Exercise

Solutions of Question 1 of Review Exercise of Unit 09: Trigonometric Functions. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\cos \theta=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$$\sin \theta=$$\frac{1}{2}$$-\frac{1}{2}$$\sqrt{3}$$-\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}$$\tan (-15 \pi)=$$ 0$$-1$$1$$2 \sin \theta+\frac{1}{2}cosec \theta \theta $$\theta=45^{\circ}$$\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$$\frac{1}{3}$$\frac{3}{…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit09/re-ex-p2?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:00+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 2 and 3, Review Exercise</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit09/re-ex-p2?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 2 and 3, Review Exercise

Solutions of Question 2 and 3 of Review Exercise of Unit 09: Trigonometric Functions. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan. $\cos \theta -\sin \theta=\sqrt{2}\sin \theta,$$\cos \theta+ \sin \theta=\sqrt{2} \cos \theta$$$\cos \theta -\sin \theta=\sqrt{2}\sin \theta$$\begin{align*}
&amp; \cos \theta=\sqrt{2}\sin \theta + \sin \theta \\
\implies &amp; \cos \the…</description>
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    <item rdf:about="https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit09/re-ex-p8?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:00+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Question 10(i-v), Review Exercise</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/math-11-nbf/sol/unit09/re-ex-p8?rev=1737476040&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Question 10(i-v), Review Exercise

Solutions of Question 10(i-v) of Review Exercise of Unit 09: Trigonometric Functions. This is unit of Model Textbook of Mathematics for Class XI published by National Book Foundation (NBF) as Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad, Pakistan.</description>
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        <dc:date>2025-01-21T16:14:01+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>Unit 05: Factorization: Online View</title>
        <link>https://beta.mathcity.org/matric/9th_science/unit_05/viewer?rev=1737476041&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Unit 05: Factorization: Online View

On this page, online view of the notes of unit 05 are given. After studying this unit , the students will be able to:

	*  Recall factorization of expressions of the following types.
	*  $ka + kb + kc$
	*  $ac + ad + bc + bd$
	*  $a^2 + 2ab + b^2$
	*  $a^2 – b^2$
	*  $a^2 + 2ab + b^2 – c^2$
	*  Factorize the expressions of the following types.$a^4 + a^2b^2 + b^4$$a^4 + 4b^4$$x^2 + px + q$$ax^2 + bx + c$$(ax^2 + bx + c) (ax2 + bx + d) + k$$(x + a) (x + b) (x +…</description>
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